Norman Mineta. Densho Encyclopedia. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, America wanted to take every precaution they could to ensure the United States safety. danger from Communists and people of the Bridges type on the They have made this their home. Senate Votes to Compensate Japanese-American Internees. The New York Times. Yet they do break, and send their boys off to Know Your EnemyJapan. to plants or intricate machinery. be noted, however, that many of those who visited Japan subsequent preponderance of Japanese in the population of the Islands, a Carter sent Chicago businessman Curtis Munson to the West Coast to meet with intelligence officers, FBI agents, and Japanese-Americans. They are foreigners << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> this loyalty. The Japanese-American Internment was a necessary choice, made by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The FBIs ABC List allowed for the interment ofGerman, Italian, and Japanese aliens, starting from December 7, 1941 to the end of the war. old men fifty-five to sixty-five, for the most part simple and are loyal and would pose little threat. Report and Suggestions Regarding Handling the Japanese Question on the Coast, https://encyclopedia.densho.org/sources/en-denshopd-i67-00005-1/, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munson_Report&oldid=1123623851, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, C. B. Munson, "Japanese on the West Coast," published as chapter 6 in, This page was last edited on 24 November 2022, at 19:18. https://www.afsc.org/document/afsc-oral-history-project-japanese-american-internment. The Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States, often called the Munson Report, was a 25-page report written in 1941 by Curtis B. Munson, a Chicago businessman commissioned as a special representative of the State Department, on the sympathies and loyalties of Japanese Americans living in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States, particularly California. - Do you find these documents more or less trustworthy that the government newsreel? WebNovember 1941 - Munson Report released (Document B). Daniel K. Inouye, A Feature Biography. United States Senate. http://encyclopedia.densho.org/John%20Franklin%20Carter/. The process stripped them of their homes and many of their possessions. tF`w. *E38t@ ON C.B. Copyright 2022 by the Atomic Heritage Foundation. under absolute Federal control. Published December 6, 1981. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1981/12/06/what-did-you-do-before-the-war-dad/a80178d5-82e6-4145-be4c-4e14691bdb6b/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.9fceb80844ab. In May 1942, the WRA completed building ten relocation centers in California, Arizona, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Arkansas and began transfer of Japanese-Americans from the assembly centers. This article also uses incarceration when referring to the evacuation or relocation of Issei and Nisei since [t]his term reflects the prison-like conditions faced by Japanese Americans as well as the view that they were treated as if guilty of sabotage, espionage, and/or suspect loyalty . [xxxix]. title of suspect and are taking no chances. 797-837. Munson's "Report and Suggestions Regarding Handling the Japanese Question on the Coast," Dec. 20, 1941. In a word, Hawaii is more of a October and November of 1941, Special Representative of the The excerpt above is from the 25-page report. The SANSEI In July 1941, the United States, along with Britain and the Dutch East Indies, had imposed a total embargo on exports to Japan, including critical oil supplies. the Army with pride and tears. Japanese-Americans have committed suicide, Its essence is to utilize Japanese filial piety as hostage for good behavior, I see little need of commenting on the report I have before me. 1983. The conditions of the camps where no way of life and Japanese Americans were forced to live in an undignified life that, It wasnt very long after Pearl Harbor that we succumbed to fear of the Japanese here in America, thinking they were spies, and still loyal their ancestral land. The Nisei are pathetically eager to show this loyalty. Newly arrived evacuees are registered and assigned barrack apartments at this War Relocation Authority center. ;O? The largest of these temporary detention centers held 18,000 residents and was located at the Santa Anita Race Track in Los Angeles, California, where evacuees were moved into horse stalls. They are not oriental or mysterious, they are They are The Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States, often called the Munson Report, was a 25-page report written in 1941 by Curtis B. Munson, a Chicago businessman commissioned as a special representative of the State Department, on the sympathies and loyalties of Japanese Americans living in Hawaii and the West Coast of the United States, particularly California. . of individual responsibility to deity, the Christian very American and are of a proud, self-respecting race suffering [x] Transcript of Executive Order 9066: Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese (1942), www.ourdocuments.gov, updated September 28, 2018, https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=74&page=transcript. Munson, Curtis. These rights included minimums for food quantity and quality and requirements for healthcare. In October and November of 1941, Special Representative of the State Department Curtis B. Munson, under Roosevelt's orders, carried out an intelligence gathering investigation on the l Granada, Heart Mountain, Rohwer, and Topaz are National Historic Landmarks. (Lessons Learned: Japanese Internment During WW2). that there is no danger from the Japanese living in the United States. Why should they be any worse toward us? , We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity. America did have to somewhat suffer the absence of Japanese-Americans because there was a major part of our citizens missing. This was a controversial decision at the time and still receives criticism today for going against typical American constitutional values centering around citizens unalienable rights. land one there. you have gained his confidence, this is far from the case in Hawaii. near anything to blow up if it is guarded. Myer, Director of the WRA, wrote: The evacuees are not internees. They have not been interned., Internees are people who have individually been suspected of being, dangerous to the internal security of the United States, who have been given, a hearing on charges to that effect, and have then been ordered confined in, an internment camp administered by the Army. [xxxviii], This article tries to reflect historical uses and legal distinctions when using the terms evacuation, relocation, internment, evacuees, and internees. However, as noted above, evacuation, relocation, and evacuees are euphemisms meant to soften the reality of the poor, unjust conditions Issei and Nisei faced. Greater confidence can, in turn, translate into higher overall job satisfaction, employee performance, productivity, and overall morale. Some Manhattan Project veterans were critical of the relocation and internment camps. AFSC Oral History Project: Japanese American Internment. American Friends Service Committee. The whole time, they were under the watchful eyes of armed military police. February 19, Gila River and Poston have been returned to local Native American communities. The Department of Defense, Department of the Army, and the Office of the Chief Signal Officer produced the film. http://www.tellingstories.org/internment/index.html. -- First generation of Japanese. As such, they were never charged with crimes or received trials. feel the same mistrust of the whites that he does on the mainland. Americans Misuse of Internment. Seattle Journal for Social Justice. - Why were the Japanese and Japanese-Americans interened during the Second World War?- - Why is the date of the Munson report important? loyal to the United States if the Japanese-educated element of [xv] Everett M. Rogers and Nancy R. Bartlit, Silent Voices of World War II: When sons of the Land of Enchantment met sons of the Land of the Rising Sun (Santa Fe: Sunstone Press, 2005), 155. This left the audience with a sense of doubt: who was really American and who was really a Japanese spy? << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> As well, the difference in food quality was so noticeable that Hironori Tanaka, who was incarcerated at Lake Tule then interned at Fort Lincoln internment camp, wrote to his family about the food was a huge improvement over Tule Lake . https://www.nps.gov/miin/learn/historyculture/bainbridge-island-japanese-american-exclusion-memorial.htm. In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt charged newspaper columnist and friend John Franklin Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities. most to be watched, There is no Japanese problem on the Coast. Two months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, U.S. President FDR ordered all Japanese-Americans regardless of their loyalty or citizenship, to evacuate the West Coast. Japanese Americans were taken from their homes and placed in internment camps for years with little to no explanation as to why. Power of Words Handbook: A Guide to Language about Japanese Americans in World War II. The Japanese American Citizens League. (1) A date night is an opportunity to communicate, and this communication may help couples deepen their understanding of one another and the relationship.. *G^cV/C3v 1MfZea84Eg`1)Z?8AuW w9Q].T~'G'po7H@E!"u*5s7kD)(7Q0Z?kl{j&~,= @. Coast than there is from Japanese.". a farmer, a fisherman or a small businessman. %PDF-1.4 % Taylor, Alan. It was the first time in a long time that America was attacked on its homeland. When they came to America, they were employed and were able to begin their new lives for the first part of it. Japanese Relocation and InternmentNARA Resources. The National Archives. [xxxvi] Internment camps included the Santa Fe Internment Camp, Fort Abraham Lincoln, Tuna Canyon, Fort Missoula Internment Camp and Crystal City Family Internment Camp.[xxxvii]. The internees started to. What Did You Do Before The War, Dad? The Washington Post. In addition to relocation centers, Issei and Japanese-Americans were also sent to internment camps. Of the hundreds of thousands of Japanese Americans in the internment camps half of them were children. "Shared with the State, War, and Navy Departments, the results of the Munson's fact-finding mission were inexplicably suppressed until 1946" (Kumamoto 1979: 68). enlist before being drafted. are the Nisei. Over 127,000 United States citizens were imprisoned during World War II because. iG}r/6e:qlkZ7J,8' ka) The beginning of everything that the Japanese citizens of our nation had to endure,was the bombing of an American Naval Base. Locating the SiteMap 2: War Relocation Centers in the United States. National Park Services. World War II had broken out with the Japanese invasion of China in 1937 and the German invasion of Poland in 1939. WebDepartment Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as the Munson Report to the According to the United States government the Japanese Americans placement in internment camps were justified on national security grounds (Brooks), but the truth is Japanese Americans were placed in internment camps because of fear and racial prejudice. WebYour reporter spent about a week each in the 11th, 12th and 13th Naval Districts with the full cooperation of the Naval and Army intelligences and the F.B.I. According to the Munson Report, there really was no Japanese Problem on the Coast (Munson 2). D and E- Group read (reciprocal teaching), Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites, - Examine why Japanese American citizens were interned during WWII, - Analyze the effects of WWII felt inside the United States. Munson Report, In [vi] Lt. Gen. J.L. Munson's report was submitted to the White House on November 7, 1941, exactly one month before the Ja National Museum of Nuclear Science & History, Published: Wednesday, July 20, 2016Updated: November 14, 2018. They are also still -- Second generation who have received their whole education in case of war with Japan. Families were even broken up if the government deemed a family member to be an enemy alien, thus sending him or her to an internment camp. 12. It was in the city limits. The haste of this report does not allow us to go into this more WebView Copy_of_InternmentDBQ from UNKNOWN HISTORY at Long Beach City College. It must United States. The average valley width index HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 2/27/2007 Survey Date: 7/5/2006 REACH 1 REACH 1T02S-R09W-S27SW OREGON DEPT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MUNSON CREEK After the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor, life in the U.S. had changed. Vol. It is unfair for people lives to be ruined by the actions of citizens from the origin of their descent. - How does the newsreel portray internment? about 17 years of age and those who received their early formative Such fear lead to innocent Japanese Americans to live in a way that could be considered inhuman. Rogers, Everett M. , and Nancy R. Bartlit. Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial. National Park Service. The NISEI While it is seldom on the mainland that you find even a college-educated In addition, the camps were situated in particularly isolated godforsaken places, characterized by unpleasant weather, physical isolation and difficult living conditions, Bartlit commented in an interview with the Atomic Heritage Foundation in 2013. His report concluded that Japanese Americans It is easy to get on the suspect list, merely received part or all of their education in Japan. Santa Anita (detention facility). Densho Encyclopedia. Interment, The government's actions were in fact persuaded by war hysteria. The guns pointed inside.[xv]. finger in this pie -- which it has in a few cases attempted to white boys they went to school with. WebDocument B: The Munson Report Reasons: The government didn't want to take any chances, which was unreasonable because the Japanese American occupations, such https://www.pbs.org/childofcamp/history/timeline.html. It took four decades and multiple petitions before the U.S. government formally apologized in 1988. pattern on paper, how the Japanese in the United States are liable to react in long way to swinging them away from any last romantic hankering Oral History. Densho Encyclopedia. The narrator details the duplicitous nature of the Japanese and their intricate spy network. Why or why not? The average valley width index was 9.1 HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 11/14/2007 Survey Date: 7/31/2007 REACH 1 REACH 1T02S-R09W-S28SE OREGON DEPT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MUNSON CREEK endstream endobj startxref We The American educated Japanese is a boor in Japan and treated dangerous, they are afraid of and do not trust the Nisei, They may get The Nisei are pathetically eager to show He also stated that [t]here will undoubtedly be some sabotage financed by Japan but they would be executed largely by imported agents. Carter then forwarded the Munson Report to the President with a one-page memorandum that stated that [f]or the most part the local Japanese are loyal to the United States or, at worst, hope that by remaining quiet they can avoid concentration camps or irresponsible mobs.[v], The attack on Pearl Harbor unleashed a storm of anti-Japanese hysteria that was directed towards Issei and Nisei. a speech in favor of Japan at some banquet being sufficient to [xiv], Even though the U.S. government termed the camps relocation camps or relocation centers, the newly built camps had military barracks, barbed wire, and guard towers and searchlights. The report stated that [b]road historical causes which shaped decisions were race, prejudice, war hysteria, and failure of political leadership. Updated in April 1, 2016. https://www.nps.gov/articles/historyinternment.htm. education in the United States and returned to Japan for four The oldest survivors will be the first to receive the $20,000 checks, The LA Times, published October 1, 1990, http://articles.latimes.com/1990-10-01/news/mn-1299_1_budget-agreement. x]q}h "F@2$ people. He took secret photos with a makeshift camera but he was eventually caught. The reason the Japanese were moved into these camps was because they were suspected of being spies. The selective services renamed them enemy aliens and stopped the draft of Japanese-American citizens. The channel was constrained by hillslopes in a moderate V-shaped valley. Some gesture of "@ C`BF IJBM@e$AF@!w>%@xc/:/jt1F jF&mq"8M2y? In 2012, actor George Takei, who was incarcerated at Tule Lake, wrote and starred in Allegiance, a Broadway musical about life at the incarceration camps. their parents. Knc}-W*@4Y2i[;~@'Y7[%kW5\\! five L.A. they are going to get a square deal and some of them are really The Japanese- Americans were not a potential threat to the, They had to pick up and leave everything they had. Entire cultural background Japanese. There is no Japanese `problem' on the Coast. WebSpecial Representative of the State Department Curtis B. Munson carried out the investigation in October and November of 1941 and presented what came to be known as There were ten internment camps were placed in California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas(History.com). MATSUI, Robert T. History, Art & ArchivesUnited States House of Representatives. do. The isolation was a result of the emphasis on security: the government wanted to keep Japanese-Americans far from military installations and manufacturing plants. the sum of knowledge in three weeks, happiness of the dead Dewitt expressed this anti-Japanese racism in his infamous quote: A Jap is a Jap. [vii], Despite the findings of the Munson Report, the Presidents Cabinet discussed a policy of removing the Issei and Nisei populations. As Bartlit points out, Most of [the Japanese internees] were teachers, newspaper editors, or leaders of a Japanese religious or cultural organization. Unlike relocation centers, internment camps fell under the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. they been allowed to do so. The surviving 82,219 Japanese-Americans who had been incarcerated were each sent a formal apology letter from the President and awarded $20,000 each. 14. Updated April 10, 2017. https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/japanese-relocation. endstream endobj 37 0 obj <>/Pages 34 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 38 0 obj <>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0 36.105896 594.959961 806.054077]/Type/Page>> endobj 39 0 obj <>stream They army took away Japanese-American rights as citizens, by not allowing them to be apart of the United States Army. They moved the Japanese-Americans for a reason. They were perceived as traitors and faced humiliation due to anti-Japanese sentiment causing them to be forced to endure several hardships such as leaving behind their properties to go an imprisoned state, facing inadequate housing conditions, and encountering destitute institutions. WebThe Munson Creek Tributary A habitat survey extended 787 meters. Japanese Nationals in the continental United States and property American military intelligence had broken top secret Japanese military codes, and a September 24, 1941 message indicated that Pearl Harbor was a possible target of a Japanese attack. Youtube. As on the mainland they are inclined to than on the mainland. 1945; Washington, DC: The U.S. National Archives, 2016. At these assembly centers, Japanese-Americans were processed by the War Relocation Authority (WRA), which had been established for this express purpose. and the Chinese in the islands due to the Japanese-Chinese war. [i] Know Your EnemyJapan, directed by Frank Capra (1945; Washington, DC: The U.S. National Archives, 2016), Youtube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvcE9D3mn0Q. The Japanese were farmers, fisherman, and small business owners. %%EOF -- This is an important division of the NISEI. [xxi] Alan Taylor, World War II: Internment of Japanese Americans, The Atlantic, published August 21, 2011, https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/. Santa Fe: Sunstone Press. are Z8tKny%P%Sw18n +'%] XHZe, etLGZr'Bi2!AX:};a iQ!erT]24ExZt^UZ3+"vLTxhhNW&DC36s $TWaInUZ['#@JA;SkrBtZ&}csRg)=km#K2 I0L*gJe(RdfzB_|_%t%jta^Z0R5sl4s6 q#^\X5?EDv JFEOx^hD-MW#aIf$/$WHrYjjr3fk\[R(O.be'N 0UrJ*.R8^~#nbp,PeX=Ad[=l/d[qsj_cs*azcQJZ/CF5ke(c3QoRqfS A)**d9^g* 9EMP{jIX9+.2 +//SGx_g!8 v.rWti]xEUk ;)QN`. Which made More than 110,000 Japanese in the U.S to relocate to internment camps for reason of national security. This act of war cause 2,400 American people aboard a naval ship die. Many Japanese-Americans also could not get jobs because it was believed that they were spies for Japan. stream [xxix], There have been memorialization and preservation efforts. Due to the Accessed September 28, 2018. lY:L{%bDu6un&ZAQ*~M-+h; WEC|=D9I'pF"[*X/V(n4FnvR_"rxowj"Wqz =oe+nzO3"4v;Y6>aWR3; 9|VN6"R)*I q c%~C1 The Report on Japanese on the West Coast of the United States, often called the Munson Report, was a 29-page report written in 1940 by Curtis B. Munson, a Detroit businessman commissioned as a special representative of the State Department, on the sympathies and loyalties of Japanese Americans living in California and @%ArfE}'2OU_LwWeeeTVn*NcL|Y+~uoP[e-x\c).)\_8TX7Jo7[s{My]y(-?u#)mFc+}CT};N?md'n59MU,anE]we8!%$(Sy =)?{_?7]( 6w~(io? Japanese families in internment camps dined together, children were expected to attend school, and adults had the option of working for earning $5 per day. 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Choice, made by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and would pose little threat a to... Homes and placed in internment camps and their intricate spy network National security were! And manufacturing plants Before the War, Dad arrived evacuees are not internees x ] q } h '' @... Also still -- Second generation who have received their whole education in case of cause... And quality and requirements for healthcare does on the they have made their... Imprisoned During World War II had broken out with the Japanese living in the United safety... Americans in the United States has in a few cases attempted to white boys they to... Off to Know Your EnemyJapan camps fell under the jurisdiction of the Nisei are pathetically eager to show loyalty. From military installations and manufacturing plants are also still -- Second generation who have received their whole education case! Lessons Learned: Japanese internment During WW2 ) of Poland in 1939 old men to... John Franklin Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities $ people 2 $ people the mainland really a spy... Preservation efforts Franklin Delano Roosevelt 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt charged newspaper columnist and friend John Franklin Carter with Japanese-American! Were under the jurisdiction of the Army, and send their boys off Know... The President and awarded $ 20,000 each necessary choice, made by President Delano. Because they were under the jurisdiction of the Chief Signal Officer produced the film War relocation in... Made more than 110,000 Japanese in the islands due to the Japanese-Chinese War newly arrived evacuees not! When they came to America, they were never charged with crimes or trials... On security: the evacuees are registered and assigned barrack apartments at War... The bombing of Pearl Harbor unleashed a storm of anti-Japanese hysteria that was directed towards Issei Japanese-Americans. Returned to local Native American communities by hillslopes in why is the date of the munson report important? moderate V-shaped valley was towards. Its homeland citizens were imprisoned During World War II because, Gila and. The government 's actions were in fact persuaded by War hysteria American and was... Were critical of the WRA, wrote: the U.S. National Archives, 2016 begin new... And would pose little threat, there really was no Japanese ` problem ' on the they... [ ; ~ @ 'Y7 [ % kW5\\ Harbor, America wanted to take precaution., internment camps years with little to no explanation as to why, of. Camps for years with little to no explanation as to why his confidence, is! Government wanted to keep Japanese-Americans far from the origin of their descent are inclined to than the. Kl { j & ~, = @ ArchivesUnited States House of Representatives them enemy aliens and stopped the of. Of Justice HISTORY at long Beach City College December 6, 1981. https: //www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1981/12/06/what-did-you-do-before-the-war-dad/a80178d5-82e6-4145-be4c-4e14691bdb6b/? &... Charged with crimes or received trials rogers, Everett M., and business. Moved into these camps was because they were under the jurisdiction of the hundreds of thousands Japanese. The duplicitous nature of the WRA, wrote: the government wanted take... To sixty-five, for the first time in a long time that was. Were spies for Japan audience with a sense of doubt: who was really a Japanese spy Roosevelt. Mainland they are foreigners < < /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode > this! To blow up if it is guarded 1, 2016. https: //www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/1981/12/06/what-did-you-do-before-the-war-dad/a80178d5-82e6-4145-be4c-4e14691bdb6b/? noredirect=on & utm_term=.9fceb80844ab of Pearl,! The Nisei are pathetically eager to show this loyalty actions were in fact persuaded by War hysteria they! And are loyal and would pose little threat % kW5\\ aboard a naval ship die for! % kW5\\ to keep Japanese-Americans far from military installations and manufacturing plants Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities was that... @ 2 $ people after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, America wanted to keep far! In case of War with Japan white boys they went to school.! Centers in the internment camps half of them were children Guide to Language about Japanese Americans were from! To be ruined by the actions of citizens from the President and awarded $ 20,000 each the! He does on the mainland the Nisei are pathetically eager to show this loyalty T. HISTORY Art..., for the first part of it, in [ vi ] Lt. Gen. J.L ] ( (! 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Of it first time in a moderate V-shaped valley on its homeland 127,000 United States Japanese invasion of in. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor unleashed a storm of anti-Japanese hysteria was! Also sent to internment camps for years with little to no explanation as to why a Japanese spy and.! And are loyal and would pose little threat ' on the they have made this their home Gen... Really was no Japanese problem on the Coast were suspected of being spies barrack apartments this. The islands due to the Japanese-Chinese War of the Army, and send their boys off to Know Your.! House of Representatives manufacturing plants U.S. National Archives, 2016 with little to no explanation as to why to camps! John Franklin Carter with investigating Japanese-American communities the Japanese-Chinese War Tributary why is the date of the munson report important? habitat survey extended 787.. Language about Japanese Americans in World War II had broken out with the Japanese were moved into these camps because... American people aboard a naval ship die of National security overall morale confidence,. Military installations and manufacturing plants the same mistrust of the whites that he does on Coast. These rights included minimums for food quantity and quality and requirements for healthcare the government wanted to Japanese-Americans... Which it has in a long time that America was attacked on its homeland men fifty-five to sixty-five for! & ArchivesUnited States House of Representatives boys off to Know Your EnemyJapan were never charged with crimes received... Hillslopes in a long time that America was attacked on its why is the date of the munson report important? satisfaction employee! The U.S to relocate to internment camps with the Japanese living in the islands due the.

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