Another double of the Libyan Lamia may be Lamia, daughter of Poseidon. Translating names in this way is called interpretatio graeca. No books written in ancient Berber languages have survived to the present day (though we do have a bit over a thousand inscriptions). For this Athena punished her hideously. She was imported into Greece as one of the Gorgons, daughter of Phorcus and his sister Ceto. Thats why Ovid, for example, has Perseus flying eastward over Libya to reach the Mediterranean. [78] Either one could be Lamia the mother of Scylla mentioned in the Stesichorus (d. 555 BC) fragment, and other sources. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) . The story is not one of a single monster being killed, but of an enemy culture and its religion being destroyed and replaced by the Greeks and the gods of Mount Olympus. Her petrification powers then may be still present, totally absent, voluntary or, eh, body part specific. In the very earliest sources, she lived on an island in the Atlantic. And those analogues that exhibit a serpentine form or nature have been especially noted. Jason Williams, The story of Medusa is about European fear of African spirituality, melanin and black women with power, an answer I wrote over a year ago on Quora, Classics at the Intersections (Rebecca Futo Kennedy), The Philological Crocodile (@PhiloCrocodile), Tales of Times Forgotten (@spencemcdaniel), Late antique mosaic of Medusa from Hadrumetum, Tunisia (Sousse Archaeological Museum), beyond the Ocean, at the edge of night, in the same region as the Hesperides (nymphs of the west), three days flight (for Perseus) west of the Atlas Mountains. [80][81] Scylla is a creature depicted variously as anguipedal or serpent-bodied. He wears a golden mask modeled after her face and trounced Percy in combat. Each of the sisters' names further elaborated on their nature: fitting to her story, Medusas is rooted in the Greek verb meaning to protect.. Her most monstrous attribute, however, was the determination of the gods to have her killed. In some versions, her hair-snakes are venomous. A glance at a map, and a review of the other ancient sources on Medusa, makes the situation totally clear. The story of Medusa is one of the most well-known in Greek mythology. Thats the Greek myth. But that doesnt mean there arent any. Besides having serpents for hair, the Gorgons were described as having tusks, brazen claws, wings and strongly acidic blood; in a few very early depictions they are shown as quadrupeds, possibly because Pegasus was born out of Medusa's blood when she was beheaded by Perseus. [19], Other bogeys have been listed in conjunction with "Lamia", for instance, the Gorgo, the eyeless giant Ephialtes, a Mormolyce named by Strabo. She may also be accessed as a living goddess by those seeking menstrual, serpentine mysteries. She was imported into Greece as one of the Gorgons, daughter of Phorcus and his sister Ceto. A gypsy curse associated with him has Lamia torment the victim for three days before having its minions drag them into Hell to burn in its fires for all eternity. Hes entirely wrong about Greek gods names, for example: we know now that theyre mostly Indo-European. Both girls cultivated the military life, which once led them into contentious dispute. In previous centuries, Lamia was used in Greece as a bogeyman to frighten children into obedience, similar to the way parents in Spain, Portugal and Latin America used the Coco. Lamia's possible kindred kind appear in Classical works, but may be known by other names except for isolated instance which calls it a lamia. There exists a genus of horned dinosaur named after Medusa called. Fittingly, a great hero was dispatched to kill her. Medusa, the most beautiful and only mortal Gorgon sister, is a sea spirit. ", Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. The Berber myth and Arab realities., Rouighi, R. 2019b. She is the sister of Euryale and Stheno, and they were born to the sea god Phorcys and Ceto, who is the goddess of sea monsters. Athena was one and the same with Pallas and Medusa. You can't really say you are "reviving" her worship, rather I think it would be more appropriate to say that you are creating her cultus. [95] Worded another way, Lamia was emblematic of the hypocrisy of such scholars. [i][47][48] The same joke was used in theatrical Greek comedy,[49] and generally. Once upon a time, in the ancient world, Medusa was little more than a terrifying monster. [46], Another aspect of her powers is that this empusa/lamia is able to create an illusion of a sumptuous mansion, with all the accoutrements and even servants. Later depictions (although still fairly ancient ones, in the absolute sense) gradually toned down the more monstrous aspects and made her more attractive. Historical evidence and contemporary meaning need to be dealt with in different ways. She is a goddess of menstrual power and hence female power. He carries a Medusa head that he similarly uses to petrify enemy units. Athena was once part of the Trinity of Snake Goddesses however the Grecos wanted to separate themselves from other regions so they demonized the Goddess Neith Athena Feather Studied the myths extensively Author has 168 answers and 111.6K answer views 2 y Im not sure what answer you want. ", "Raised by Wolves: Mother's Real Name Has TERRIFYING Implications", "10 Lamia, Slain by Eurybatus and Others", "The Sweepings of Lamia: Transformations of the Myths of Lilith and Lamia", "Magic and Vampirism in Philostratus' Life of Apollonius of Tyana and Bram Stoker's Dracula", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lamia&oldid=1138177380, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2007, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 8 February 2023, at 12:19. Well, in an important sense it doesnt matter. The Traditional Story of Medusa. WebMedusa. Petrification from, A gorgon joins the City Watch of Ankh-Morpork in the, Previous throwaway mentions: A cross-eyed gorgon with a stone nose was mentioned by one of the monster hunters in. Hermes helped directly by lending Perseus his sandals and Hephaestus gave him a sword. Athenas participation in the destruction of Medusa may be interpreted as the goddess destroying her own past. Check out our Privacy and Content Sharing policies for more information.). [35], In later classical periods, around the 1st century A. D.,[36] the conception of this Lamia shifted to that of a sultry seductress who enticed young men and devoured them. Many ancient religions used masks in their ceremonies. Send your order in a special package containing an embossed gift bag, tissue paper, Awe branded polishing cloth and a notecard. WebIt is unlikely, though, that Medusa was ever an African goddess, since we have no evidence that any goddess resembling Medusa was worshipped in North Africa before Uncover new sources by reviewing other students' references and bibliographies, Inspire new perspectives and arguments (or counterarguments) to address in your own essay. This, of course, indicates that, in the time period when the myth of Medusa is first attested, her having snakes for hair was not seen as integral to her character. If Medusa does represent an ancient goddess, there would be reason for so many Greek gods to be involved in her story. He goes on to express an opinion that most Greek gods names originally came from Egypt (2.50). The presence of three monsters even though only one is important to the story could be a relic of a pre-Greek triple goddesss cult being destroyed by the Olympians. In fourth edition, medusae are a species in the usual sense, with both males and females. WebFind many great new & used options and get the best deals for MEDUSA BROOCH Pin Gorgo Snake Hair Greek Mythology Gold Tone Costume Jewelry at the best online prices at eBay! And then there are some that offer a compromise and state that she was both beautiful and terrible at the same time. Thats clear from his description of the ethnic mix at Siwa (2.43): he tells us that the people there were a mix of colonists from Egypt and Ethiopia, and they customarily use speech that is in between both. He was well aware of ethnic differences between Siwa and the Nile valley, but interpreted them in terms that were familiar to him. (Yes, Ive seen this claimed.). [32][33][34], "Lamia" has as synonyms "Mormo" and "Gello" according to the Scholia to Theocritus. Other legends suggest that Medusa is a Libyan snake goddess. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) : After When citing an essay from our library, you can use "Kibin" as the author. [11], The Vulgate used "lamia" in Isaiah xxxiv:14 to translate "Lilith" of the Hebrew Bible. Some nymphs in Greek mythology were famous, but others were only known in a certain time Hecate Greek Goddess of Witchcraft : The Complete Guide. Medusa embodies menstruations protective powers. [64], In Pausanias's version, the monster is called Poin (), meaning "punishment" or "vengeance", but there is nothing about a snake on her forehead. xsai 11/19/2011. [16], Lamia was the daughter born between King Belus of Egypt and Lybie, according to one source. The story of her destruction is an allegory for how earlier cultures and religions were destroyed by the arrival of the Greeks and the pantheon of Olympus. The mythical gorgon Medusa. She also resembles Polyphe the Okeanis mother of Athena by Poseidon, and the goddess Amphitrite. Her image was used in Byzantine Greece to protect pregnant women and newborns. WebMedusa teaches us to know and love ourselves outside of the expectations of patriarchal society. In the fifth addition, medusae look like humans with snakes for hair, have males with identical powers and are cursed to turn into medusae on an individual basis. Thanks for the comment and the Quora link. I cant read Tamazight or Arabic, so Im not ideally placed to say what the prevailing mood is. The first daughter accidentally killed the second in a mock battle. Because she is a reminder to be unapologetically ourselves and fierce in the face Did you find something inaccurate, misleading, abusive, or otherwise problematic in this essay example? According to some historians, it may have been because Medusa herself was once a goddess. Her features are common of Greek monsters. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available from thestaff@tvtropes.org. Heres a run-down of where ancient sources placed the Gorgons. Percy also confronts the forgotten other son Chrysaor, embittered at being ignored in legend, who honors his heritage as a son of her and Poseidon by becoming a fearsome pirate. Or they may be simply unnamed or differently named. At the moment of her death, two sons sprung from her blood: Pegasus (the famed winged horse) and Chrysaor. She may be Athenas mother, a closely related spirit, or possibly even the identity Athena left behind when she moved from North Africa to Greece. It was assumed, among other godlike attributes, as a royal aegis to imply divine birth or protection, by rulers of the Hellenistic age, as shown, for instance, on the Alexander Mosaic and the Gonzaga Cameo. Whether or not Medusa was African in the 7th century BCE, that doesnt determine whether shes African now. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Medusa Medusa was a Libyan Goddess who was worshiped by The Amazons. We'll take a look right away. In southern Asia, theres an ancient belief that menstruation indicates possession by snake spirits. But I don't see any reason why, if Maasai people were to adopt Medusa into their own mythology and start telling stories about her having been Maasai, she couldn't become Maasai in their mythology. In this story she is a powerful monster whom Perseus defeats by decapitating her (and later using her head to petrify enemies) without looking at her he sticks to looking at her shadow or looking through a mirrored shield, depending on the version. The best explanation of Medusa is, that she was initially a volcano myth. In support of that theory: - She turns people to stone, much like getting Some interpretations argue that Medusa was a Libyan goddess who was equated with Athena before the Greeks defeated them and, Another origin is that Medusa and her sisters were so beautiful that they angered Athena by bragging about being more beautiful than the goddess, in any case, Athena turned them into monsters so hideous men would turn to stone if they looked at them. Ancient sources do indeed put Medusa in or near northern Africa. It is later revealed that Modest is a special Medusa who will fortunately not turn into a hydra. English composer Dorothy Howell composed a tone poem Lamia which was played repeatedly to great acclaim under its dedicatee Sir Henry Wood at the London Promenade concerts in the 1920s. She resides in the Petrified Temple in the middle of a petrified forest on Lesbos. Available via Live Chat Monday - Friday 9am - 6pm EST Email Us anytime at info@aweinspired.com. Having male medusae with different powers has been done by the game before, as stated above, but this is the first time the concept made it into a core book. In Greek mythology, Medusa bears many of the hallmarks of a monster. "He [Amphithemis son of Apollon and Akakallis (Acacallis)] married the Nymphe Tritonis and she gave him two sons, Nasamon and the powerful Kaphauros (Caphaurus). [28] Horace in Ars Poetica cautions against the overly fantastical: "[nor should a story] draw a live boy out of a Lamia's belly". As Pallas was about to give Athene a whack, Zeus skittishly held out the aegis, so that she glanced up to protect herself, and thus was wounded by Athene and fell. http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/Medusa. And perhaps you may remember from your youth; the primary antagonist of the 1997 animated film The Rescuers, was a greedy pawnshop owner, known as Madame Medusa. A lack of evidence doesn't automatically confirm your standpoint especially when talking about the past. Through the century Medusa became a feminist symbol of the power of feminine rage, leaving the male gaze, and finding independence, in addition to protection. In Keats's version, the student Lycius replaces Menippus the Lycian. Percy and his friends also end up facing the Gorgons' parents, Phorcys and Keto. Note that the Erinnyes (Furiae) were depicted very similarly as hideous snake-haired women. Unlikely, it is possible that the character of Medusa may have derived from some form of early snake goddess worship, with possible relations to an She was one of three sisters, all known as creatures named Gorgons. You know how looking at a math problem similar to the one you're stuck on can help you get unstuck? WebMedusa Introduction. My work has also been published on Buzzfeed and most recently in Time magazine. [9] Diodorus, Duris of Samos and other sources which comprise the sources for building an "archetypal" picture of Lamia do not designate her as a dragoness, or give her explicit serpentine descriptions.[82]. WebMedusa was a Libyan Goddess who was worshiped by The Amazons. 1495.). And, of course, as a son of Zeus Perseus was directly connected to the king of the gods. Athena is a goddess of crafts but not just any crafts. IF IT'S PERSONAL GNOSIS, THERE IS NO REVIVAL. [103], Later traditions referred to many lamiae; these were folkloric monsters similar to vampires and succubi that seduced young men and then fed on their blood. Before the girls are set fighting, the whole people choose the fairest maid, and arm her with a Korinthian (Corinthian) helmet and Greek panoply, to be then mounted on a chariot and drawn all along the lake shore. Send your order with a custom message and a special package containing an embossed gift bag, tissue paper, Awe branded polishing cloth and a notecard. It can be used to destroy or overwhelm any other power. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. When a version contains a male Medusa, it's usually some Spear Counterpart with some other name. In the view of some historians, however, Medusa can be interpreted as something other than a monster. There are some ancient Greek writers who do associate Medusa with Africa. Notably, the Greek historian Herodotos of Halikarnassos (lived c. 484 c Its just that if theyre thinking of a real place, its Morocco, not Libya. The ancient Greeks defined rape as having sex with a woman against the wishes of her patron either her husband, her father or, in this case, Athena. ((lacuna)) They were slain in Libya by the shepherd Cephalion, brother of Nasamon, son of the Nymph Tritonis and Amphithemis, whsoe flocks they were plundering.. noteAll bets are off, though, if she is of the Gorgeous Gorgon resp. : Pausanias, Description of Greece 1. Send your order with a custom message. Also, in African mythology, Medusa was a Libyan goddess; the serpent goddess of female wisdom. Use left/right arrows to navigate the slideshow or swipe left/right if using a mobile device, Add gift options or sustainable packaging, Free shipping on $150+ & free returns on all U.S. orders. Haha, I was about to cross post a witchvox article about her until I saw you were the author! When we look for data on the origins of the Medusa legend, we have to look at Greek sources. I have no doubt that a spirit could appear adopting the name and visage of Medusa, I just think it is good to be cognizant that worship of Medusa is thoroughly modern and did not occur in the past. He is the older brother of Zeus, and the younger brother of Hades, and is one of the Twelve Olympians. Rhod. Extremely saddened by what had happened to Pallas, Athene fashioned a wooden likeness of her, and round its breast tied the aegis which had frightened her, and set the statue beside Zeus and paid it honour. [40], A longstanding joke makes a word play between Lamia the monster and Lamia of Athens, the notorious hetaira courtesan who captivated Demetrius Poliorcetes (d. 283 BC). In Greek: " , ", Cupid refers to Psyche's sisters as Lamiae, Apul. A single glimpse of Medusas face was enough to kill a man instantly. WebLong answer:Medusa is part of Greek mythology which has existed longer than the current misinformation of her being an African Goddess. : The oldest story known to feature Medusa is the adventures of Perseus. Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. A space to share and talk about theistic paganism. The leading candidate for the Egyptian deity at Chemmis that he calls Perseus is Horus. Poseidon courted her. Really the whole idea of the African medusa figure is based off of a single historian, Martin Bernel, and his work Black Athena, which posits that the Goddess Athena, as well as the entirety of Greek language and culture are derived from African roots rather than Indo-European roots, as well as Where does the myth of Medusa come from?, Moore, C. H. 1974. This remoteness was a hallmark of some of mythologys most fearsome creatures. [89], Some commentators have also equated Lamia with Hecate. "On the return trip [of the Argonauts] Eurybates, son of Teleon died, and Canthus, son of . Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) : 11(. But it does seem to me that it isnt Berber people who want to claim Medusa. In almost all versions, Medusa is humanoid (occasionally, she has a snake tail instead of legs) and Always Female. [42][38] The use of the term lamia in this sense is however considered atypical by one commentator. [citation needed]. Medusas image lived on as that of one of the worst monsters in Greek mythology, but some historians believe that she might not have always been a monster at all. She transformed Medusa into a terrifying creature with snakes for hair and a face that literally turned those who gazed at her to stone. No. Medusa was clearly described as having long golden hair when she was still a priestess in Athenas temple. But its not unlikely that the myth You may have heard that Medusa was originally a Libyan goddess or alternatively, that the Greek myth of Medusa was designed to demonise black women. Historian Herodotus also stated that she was in Libya. 1. Lamia receives a section in Georgios Megas and Helen Colaclides, "The Odes: Just where do you draw the line? Was the Griffin a Bird from Greek Mythology. In his 9th-century treatise on divorce, Hincmar, archbishop of Reims, listed lamiae among the supernatural dangers that threatened marriages, and identified them with geniciales feminae,[74] female reproductive spirits. It's founded on a distortion, but as you say, myths are malleable. Herodotus, Histories 4. Classic Medusa, in contrast, is an Oedipal/libidinous symptom. Looking at forbidden mother (in her hair-covered genitals, so to speak) stiffens the subject in illicit desire and freezes him in terror of the Father's retribution. There are no recorded instances of Medusa turning a woman to stone. Goddess Medusa. There was a time long ago when Medusas people worshiped Her as a Goddess. As in ancient Libya myths, the Goddess Anatha rises from the lake of the Triple Queens as Athena, Metis and Medusa. Athena, a New Moon Warrior Maiden who inspires courage, strength, and valor, the Sea Goddess Metis, a Full Moon Mother of wisdom who, [99], Lamia, also known as Ramia, also appears as a boss in the Nintendo DS action role-playing game Deep Labyrinth.[100]. By Sarah Crocker / Aug. 24, 2021 12:30 am EST. Athena wore Medusas head on her aegis and shield. About her until i saw you were the author absent, voluntary,! Anytime at info @ aweinspired.com permissions beyond the scope of this license may be interpreted something! Then there are some that offer a compromise and state that she was imported into Greece as of. Her aegis and shield her aegis and shield Psyche 's sisters as Lamiae, Apul for the deity! 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