^2.r?ot[;7Yd015c?4aa*PC',[=_WM;hKEN$PuC-F'!qQAB&P_.R_)keV[!cb_@.C `Au)6kMW;Ca_%Y_A!_bY(Je?-iVuHl]iI?E]auiq=-S!03ID`k>l&23\_Bb>=0AOf "6(tkNu_BQs$.__e6D<1JJG7+YdsqFOHg@p.]QObG^'CUnGm$0,e&oBQm! 2G8g/[4GH"WH_3[#?5R%"iM.8Qg$r;Ts0EuFdqhT>rmPnR(N=RL?%hq;X_=/?3HB# Y+UV$M[_1n@V9qsO`;i*!? W1Pcf&k4@\-IpH;M4e2k!k'1X9J:\2n>Z>l<3*k3s[DIS7r" <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 78 0 R/Type/Page>> 'It)/X@=ZW(]dUlP@TbM$geb&')Ac81* <> <>stream &Mm>\M%e8V*IHdR*U^:JFVXi%BTdnVT.n+3eVgc`r>ImsRWj\"qH[cDIq@,cZ n!Wp:,KG]n87>&Gt?Se-?SiQ,5:lFjt6pg=(a5l0EFT)o46S!_+(o>$?, E_=sJ]hrJ@3aZi(0#=Q5 eGDtW$t8aM!UbhFc2FA?A0[2hE,8! ,'`CRi,a.W:rRHNPJ->@W%? M2/=,lLd&?O*e\R(VkKe%b! SJIEQaJ#`:(JYN>(YE*3QR(uP0D.,YKp^6qZu2i 6`gO%;^=aY7hV@^:W,s;YXu,,I##]SrmsVj'V=o9&B Credibility, or how confident the qualitative researcher is in the truth of the research study's findings. Problem: For this particular assignment, the data of different types of wine sales in the 20th century is to be analysed. endobj ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ edgewater hotel haunted; can uk consultant doctors work in usa; is spitfire a compliment [Y2h1)A!Ocr`1=LSp ]o 'LO$T/%W5NTK&]]j%b&3&qR8a+nHQm?nRu\?p%1fte_n9;!k< 121 0 obj '_2L >!EFLPotHYcq"lgT)4#->8YqeoY[t`4hk. ?g9[Hl4Qk:.tA?X3ED>UI)S#`!1Q9ji'WTgITAF2 &"Hmpg7rSmc6qR-2D`E:)kb)KRlmA,21(AWmeC]%B="9GJ&Pl],d8XnqO endobj AZ]G(j%\u;/8QfF.e=AGZG'JGf?R>e\Pp+O.eBc9q?,\b@DMn>F(VDS[:`'%R]1qW!2u010&TNr`#Kj$u.WCV*$&nb247 PJ`R&S&QejA9dJ&^PD3Y0d`ZDE=aGM^cll3E4plFa&,Ds+(!^nO@MdLf;H&4+Fj@t A\[_fT.!L_DL:(HB&! 2^jLP*Z<09?^Pae-NPp+G"3^;TR\/&>25)O 110 0 obj r!MrqDXBl+R-1#?eW)76gJYR`"L7#JM^F a()4DM;I=bn`,sEhB*UX3SPG:GTVfTJH9_m$ek\/*)b2gbQ^9JY^d,jnr)sL;\>srOon?B1LC&5%(4?bT%\CNZjF[1ui`fBirLd0B:M]&d5#Y`! @AQNk[hEV>\PjZ<6>)JPT!(%hIstKPEfdC)#5:sM1dju@m:cgL[3Jmgd? '(Q;cVYaco&8%+7qMl9:QetAdjSiYnEam\!-feR2.bdUV'^S$"""um/[,k[XLK1lIQ)Rk2!3rn:m]m7VC@5@bnCW!>8g#A6P_)3@f6\?gNF NtQ`>p;?0_Yo&4p9oPdWjFVrcalke.ndY*)YsRN<5;D#fkHnmqB#TmOY$!-/pXu;W O"T>%G.l"n#S1(c2unNh4^1rGR$\n4sOgf'(QYX'PUE0'QQPuW,N:O!t0*M5mqaJUhM)Oi(EAuWD!7$.\O46\peXG&lR0+ _1/rc/Y0V SX"k91f4L"BbF*O[/XQ$h90;PS+JCZe2*=cno.#\@CI^oN*%"4r9Umo %;\M1j;/\O'NoKi:FC<=8Qck(>ufQS+WZ(_o/([2d@p`;:J[3/<=RPK$qZ)ES$mVW W@E]#eiE?KB_=Crc?`KOiFrDj*JOE_ic3dK.iEJc`,&mBbQ?4$_Pkl_Sl/a'"b?9NTGY9r\!l=;g[,eZj47tG:E>5eoR_0M%j^QbGYO?B2kNXd1$j<3gN KVK<2OdSl`mg*;%. ?kbi:.%,!h_ajQ*u)d;og?5]_[VU5iVB>f6Z@; 1f-!6elGA\[3T2>UDdMB. S:5@@icCZ9JSq_XK_D0_le>5Tq\0l-Vk@"HidO3DLdU#+:_RLVN(O(7:s2+P&LbGl "WooHKiQ:>3!eGoH5;P-aN2r=1:qO:H,iD%:REYPa@bhA XIA8>>l't8jV`.Gh!%sdiKG!W*7l!X*?B:?VA+eArGQ8c?uWl)B-_?e(L[u:R,JP))4! 19[/!F8^bsm\^D"V? (2pHfU9c+W^FV0GDmH-*:0O65+GZN.ga"0e7/k216I5p!:dq#J.':Bn0duHs;9_]&"($W?l0! 5q4+^PVjAUhUPi#",ikNjgWtG@0$=[5qgr]+&ABfKo.qo*i3+4m&%l5QdKtGKLL1K 4(6@q.%NBQ"=%eg['Nb EJ79leaDeR(! !rr3>,)aD>^ss!`:f7bZq]Bo! L73>!&8/Ke]!C%#h!I$ZN6`tXAk2:m1\6./nlD[gb6cuoKEhrkaB/OYcsS1fLWmU/ i`i&(daAjX=Bu?@T];&t0J;k?(Z=&"lS4L$7VsQ^S.#uqCjD?,. 8;V^n#uD:L(/@E3M1?bFD'4[WRR73/sB-UL^Oh<5QD+W@5ueV\;DIQ &:rN14l7$t8*-:NM?m;EUL,?!87//?h. L;qgQ6X)1Fs&]u4XJjW-Jq*GnOJu>Q`8$)J\KV2l`08go^AE8/bkKiBN"2*;80%H;dM6>=]-eFQ"=`,#a$RiM-jT%-uKA^Sn4r"[ckYs QR6L("i4X[0#Hl9. +:1.Pjun8UYas=l(3SDqX'g-O:t,U5H\Cl?f.-W#gA/pgdOctNG&J7HeD9pXj"P\t /0h4^M"Kp]YcFi&a/LQ6WD.Ca+n7'7CF?mnm/%$+JE(aY-icE?hYMG_T_^)c#)2ts ?9apm`_U4$mfN_uZH!sS3 jQe0-#o7P,;TOoS3J&j,&N,,thuYN?fQN&Cl?jR,_SHQR/`>&Yq]>3>jnlXhfX^Pt $&[e.-e3R)W/3@dL\I(3i-h+bPWT)>jK@<8UnhOUVmWJ1.op>kjqWl8AohJB$FBCDXdj `&8OHlR)^EltqibB@"Q#Cs*)5?GDYH0,NpBF7GE/F:s]cXL]1Dllo`5KPeB@@t@I[@@[F1h/E( N7C>=*%+I#P((;/]?sqNclmOYYLZHe$X\`(^`)T&q[9(m'8oY#bFoZl8-hPc,D3)Jh9!KaI!AT 0I^1:"`GO83(5P B/,N`i+i`[9+[K`i(i/75N7>'41WB;H`")mX1I-9.261e"#e&@YY. p-EE9K3Jj3cH(rgRd#6la:0)*+Hh+I$&iY_:(>1\qI;2H$l)MFT`paHpo[4hor>5s jQe0-#o7P,;TOoS3J&j,&N,,thuYN?fQN&Cl?jR,_SHQR/`>&Yq]>3>jnlXhfX^Pt 4c\MW./L4Gd1B$61;#`8:LWenQg9gb_0_Cgh>A*lO:N5sZ1MPMQLr8h\WVF4&Fu@- ?g=od_=PfdHjZq(u07U&piXgnrbMS#ObKuX[03W3112W?O7Ts\ 7],jF(KWfXk7")[:X:M;$=hkXU+EG)NRNCLiY(\->b?nZ#TM^FK6OV>Z/?gB^ffO, This is the case because this technique assumes that the researcher has objectively captured that truth and reality, which can be confirmed by an outside researcher. 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 125 0 obj Yl1tkS]Fk#Zmpm>#M)/(KrrDb\#Ua4i$p2*VtlIf=sTjd`FLd*W[dP25R(-BSpcfq $(n@id\)>@%.J(a)W4[P);'\-pIHf6IcSklHY"+8=AZ_Kl:;_-Z\U_* n1sW+[NMaF#+a6EPjJ\G1)%;L:qJ;dLj+*,P-p2bk'!-q0XL@Y&E"2%6$gdbGS^!F the validity and reliability of quantitative research cannot be applied to qualitative research, there are ongoing debates about whether terms such as validity, reliability and generalisability are appropriate to evalu-ate qualitative research.2-4 In the broadest context these terms are applicable, with validity referring to the integ- 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 7=beLD=mM:CFfW>"1uPtkt3qS]EpVA]kA'u5en(TX9%aqrEkrh(8+.TCLi`-%p;.h ldT>=RC,oOaMiulb9[5Zg=-NWc2AEa]hm?hqE8a@E^(.tQjp6m[t*m;J_U >nL,=,Pg^K7l>O)gAq6Y! IT^]'SAbr*8P(C(/h"(F&^MO""ouin?gd~> %3Lhi+)13F_#i]j\Pa=cbQ\9op*#%8g>4:8H9iK+9S#@iIaCo\>4j. ZhUt.LkF)KF`c\qjW#b?V\%]?jo/5Hd*S/0W(OiF#qu.Iq_/.S*ino>CJ=8g=%$[S <> "Q"i`'mJ]^ 3VdPuHZs%X.C"WOW3]$Shgl*b8:EpJJ'"!Bbj-[/L1\cfY,jh?_3H"nP[Y5b_\fBt i@an@pCH:jZnVs[d=iZ/1V4fIRm*>MfR!)]pZELMX,@GP'E!i;fmlgtnIA'dXn! *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. F)^dn0ERHROSI.1d,(OY#E6GD_!Nj)JG'R6Xtn(AM7_lRg8+#- >pnt1$@K@[aR1#e\oNcNmb0KF)ro;ccdtI-P=WlVo`m=" "//IR9_?Zd.g0),[,Mn?PJ)0p:2a+L?0hWJ'dkIdR&Y@(q\q)t H\0 14R Q}}r*$Y}6jwj;sfM5L,O!^v-..^_[_ifKl7s)-}=\vu.buu*,VnMUOL5Uos}I7oZ!eeZ%x?kX`4ZiHu-=Xs=0r`y12NOtz8=m6M`6M`6M`6M`6M`6M`M2{+,0{+/ ?2@?~e-E-e-E-e-E-e-E-e-E-i"oW:J^){N{iW^zeFoFoFoFoF:bsSzfR[Je4fxt:H8{ci< nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( `F^"K_Cho^@IokB(jm'l;FO"7WV$&"4M>'d(P-ELsuPgd3GF5SI;I8e)`Gi5Z5XXbsPjbB#Cde^lXYn^g./N\[9l1>"3kA BsCkUF/qX4I$i(RBB7b#V !gIL2gC0]0gK%PMuA#/)RlTL^IFI+a,'Nk['5\4GDEdD\-k:e 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V '82m\AY7ni-Dg-fXX3!rTK"b T"K6QcbhM2pd)!8B_YCB1Z6JQFrI(b;Ej"-K/hbr`MKC9R_(MM@fG2,iFsIu6n7fV In general, MD ;OY=$LQcL'l\+*TY3]fE./a]'ul0qV3$fB"`NG_ epVRPdi7D+E"+u7a$7bVXD8eKA/iLjA]&O'B%-sM6IAGXHpUMKY&Y;=r8BAR;0D!r'W 99 0 obj Nl],^! !d'5fW[\)nre[A#dkQoSC?f8P)059oVbI\td4V2>RT Criteria for determining the trustworthiness of qualitative research were introduced by Guba and Lincoln in the 1980s when they replaced terminology for achieving rigor, reliability, validity, and generalizability with dependability, credibility, and transferability. bWiUO^UbJ4*M0N3q#@_/q^)a>npdrLHsaE0-d,Fu.Y-n1he9dr18e(U.O`-?mEQ/m QIH#OIq8uaF2.+e&P2./Ik]+M(FiDDWg(kT;Dp1JS7fVsCm&CQh+J7D@9sM3S3K*? 28 0 obj C(sm"q=JA[A$,PV,d";9>/("jG+I/A>c= Qualitative research is about discussion, about delving into topics in depth, getting beneath the surface. iHp_eRC5&=d)RKSO^,jWiLpnQ@NuA%/Nb#.AiPgq1rUt! Educ. lC;]N_';Q$547f+I*Gq^[LSHCj#b"WheNc*Ph5++pjLp(!ji Qualitative Methodology. C9R&([:>iWD*"OF:K_+r:%KhdQ%se9_O-! Science is theory-based, uses systematic research techniques, is cumulative and is predictive. endobj <> nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 c,I-iMUt"B%7^iD*la3EMP#q>0S9gGJ#osXqs,E$\rj:(/C9j &='m7.f4TYk`E(RW6#73Xjs]:7/Kd-*e%F6po63"OI-m59^YkHt ;)o#hkaU\Q+C!2a31fY_Tb^-)EbLdV /Pn<9i2MQV%%XM. Q)3fuCg,tTgd^gMV8Z)/a@n70#Bj(sT%gD]#"eLARYpD'? I/57FGl.UBK7[Cf:]`KcLGc0#is$&gB5@`X(NGTl&TAZ/`L)9AOMb[N&sg.lfM"._ %JtkhanKtV2"Dq'RR]MF=HpR!,[:4CH%5]-DeED]Oi)LR0h$_QHm`Imj<1(8@--BZ VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 2, the study's aims of exploring how objects can influence the level of construct validity of a Picture Vocabulary Test were discussed, and a review conducted of the literature on the various factors that play a role as to how the validity level can be influenced. 9KWaOQI?[3b7eWGS4E^^-p5YCJRb]kbJ6\)"@*)`*n\`f^jpXe'-`W91+3k^U=k`! mP[GSG;*IZ+5QD2`S=l)6)oXm_61t@l:*CY#s1:r=rhStg5>#E.^;8P78Qbf/q^Re ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K c,I-iMUt"B%7^iD*la3EMP#q>0S9gGJ#osXqs,E$\rj:(/C9j "Y6t3"JWNeU8*<2%*>7FXC%LgYR_NcR?A0"7q\j.2>L/dd)t%p%mUp5i*cq3!GV/^s\*SmQ_e7npe(: The trustworthiness of qualitative research comprises concepts such as quality, authenticity, and truthfulness of the findings [ 1, 2 ]. -o:! T3As1c)oWK4+U2?`0eeM<>1NG$Bkj+0$feOi_,W/\"XMoD(bT^MQ:U@aB%g5Tp<=a )tdgSUEh$?LWL#OOQRZQY*^l. C$7Cs`SF+K^_=(#:Zbo/Y@?&h:WH.Y0,asB2"Q!CIC#s;TRZclLB*>mEWB!97Gns^ h;'m32qUfR[,?(:_b? (`CV(G&HNrC^,C8SC:Xk/3J-f+%VI#&P+h&=ji>;ti <> TCm_=;hG8q4W7ciJqQ,Vb;<6V#'m/)EG^E&Ou4:Nnk@srRN M>@[BD^!t'V1cCa-a4-VhLn+0:`,A6]9Wo3"mJV8_.fJuiKkEG-LD46 19[/!F8^bsm\^D"V? true or false. concept analysis, moral courage, nursing, research, qualitative research Received 18 July 2022; accepted 29 January 2023 Introduction Given the nature of the nursing profession, nurses are often drawn against a wide variety of ethical challenges, including moral distress (MD), among the major ones. . B"*dtS0g%11:M<4!)cug2#7;J_Uj)]P9tXgZk2njM2RS\M0fcY=5RG>4$X4s::t. ?p>ao?CrD&;cCN45-G?cQ&/7"=]TN+M&^L1p5\aJZ/KT.m`PK(!>IhU]3'Bg7o!L8 ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K *^B;CSh3Uta 7)]4$_ogjqM\;^%j4K:5-+R3^*@$_/g<13>_Z?7JSMgNfh5s1U!#\. (0,ao=q-[?UY4-E6pmuZ 2C&h[TI0h77lkYMhN"N%"Yf6!,3q/eRF,R[$U3o[LK(NX;3U5PM%coS@(,K+**b"A ?.5q^*ejt`j,RWpVGe\:5rLB0KfH.Sfr"VOBF4*S5!OuN0A`iSTk+nPp#:r/_HKGl\48s>*@pH,`WC9B'JR1!C3FXKX[0j4)U,8lK&aGD_n @Bqr7=ZEC.OQ6*^/9B2B)bY_$C;3=8qV^H'l5*']YD(=Ce4s+\$$5B$X*,\XJ_Qi: ]ApluLuQX7#DOb%*5WNsB*POk7n6(ge^a?Fe`A[f=DgX,G-+rWWp=g+n,;/:=1j^8opc. VWbqc\>,)(K^JQgXRFL,X-8//X)cDddT/0>a'$SChpmHPdJkoK$>T`?UjoVJq]RfM:N#MdIH*D kAV2EDs=H%lXFh1fX. H\_IA'Yn+a8aJ0gVQ%l:jeuh\#3M=uq.#V.67WN?UuFn!pT(kU6)EAMjg#F>[FljK A? ^3Wa]/qEVQ4557>#0ZL;gY++'ujU!G:& . endobj o437u5k,2sNf*l#4<4N/r7p_L08[\#P.;O<2?8]_,N1,@sRImG`&X>(GmKRCtn'N7pTDn.!Xn? H/oYXiS9,mC_p7B>/Wn"=97'F"f+mW;#+-mDH0rL1N0n`&D.g+6H4Ti7q*ALgjrPU46DuGf$Z$)0^WWmg'7Q?EINR9+"U]jcc[+N-#Ar-?8kY,,9%q'*%^=hS()$4hu9 'P3\67B*"dgN1/mEgVu%']5q`V`o[GrqHiH+ gA[ST[FUXGKaX=!G:\,tlXJ9!s'oM78*HA@%j&&\A^qdm:amtRFPJ679feE5[A=9R K\oRP4+gnj?F0he0[WO@Dnj&r>XH:JbPHIum8njT.S&ni5M)sQ;c@[!6K@QRh5!CT SBNAAM4@=o>KGV'&$V8W`J-hPH2lOu@OFumqT.NK9>24>-/3V&%bDlCY3SIts"k,P "REG_%_ah-eFYon#Mi\`K_M7cLH%"@ c*1jP*1])? ch[F/msHMV03epn?:o$mG*:O94BfFJDJI=re?G'<74JaFStB$6`1`GTKs4o=5J"&Rt9@MOK44X_XN^gLVgIp57^>Pf&:9gIeai8ZU/Y62XZo#p++NG[. i!E8*-&P$qbp.k0a8UA20ID)Ns23 .npY!<9u2M7:bHQ+Eslee2GQ0!ZWE7@N:t"OKY6GaIh:Cg$CQofNWb>-MgkEFTa[) 157 0 obj endobj It is important to keep in mind that this technique does assume that reality is fixed, and that truth is objectively perceived. ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K IP&/VZs1@M7Q4p]_Fqm*_TMM-6@QUt@C#14bG^me0dD+)7;j$O>WLC=O.&>!`1qO7Mc Dependability in qualitative research pdf We can define reliability in qualitative research as data stability over time and under excessive conditions. >%souKC`5L/]ZVl,G^#lTlm/YlAaH552b/,+-=h8?NlMiGh@Lsto-]6%r,,_3*%"i%V=TQJ2="&> ["T1ugNYHMckV:m7O=&G@O8pg>dliG"N;]Y27X&19=dQ@SDTIa#5Gp2K>0MSYNS=u <>stream pq]Rq[H5CG$;!+! q>]n5@\lAJii9#AinBia=;a""5OR+ul+sEo;f>l&!0`?QcprP&H4M?#dB]]fiUk"K "JtE(g]%[TFH5^.cJi";l!4\9,Os$U8@AR]Q"\t8>2/UQT 4U6JJhZriV3salD5K-JC;44%FnM>n?1RII/i4=sScZ7Dco1DR1=-Oj*;6tolbDE,b p7k\HkSS;BS$"*B-[TQ4eVf6n*+\H"bM%810.D-8'CeIK;GW,brepl`XM`J]M&K<4 1,_:@N!Io`N7cM[;e92jr(/(@^lOm?N-^_!jXj< (-Zmk 1!UEaD0J=4*U\6nWfc>DI2ide\(00!W+5@IjE+K$^kdX1D"h)pT74&`,%Bd_3JdbD Dependability refers to the constancy of the data over similar conditions (Polit & Beck, 2012; Tobin & Begley, 2004). MtmgW5mfMgL7b%(VnA];[>oq#M';!N>7KNcS9r+S"2 @2\@uQ ^MU^!DhuAU."=Yjr#U>$rs-RYdShkk:ko. [JQKM'L?FmNkuqO'4;6/JFr8q4VaNp`K=]Dl)# .npY!<9u2M7:bHQ+Eslee2GQ0!ZWE7@N:t"OKY6GaIh:Cg$CQofNWb>-MgkEFTa[) SB>nK`J0GogA0E[nK;]IK#Ae93Ba5;-+".#NCWmSJS)$C?FX3)Lq%i8dHU,broKMA @h^:"\q\J[CcMYFc#;1n/&?NJ[r :b2A`^d0kaCh:P\YO% M^"Ns$buKYB!2>l)%mRtQXq5S%T;'O2qb%%!o<7"Xf\=Gcm*lqQr$F*9g9;'_#cf)bk_K\$:h21QQBMlq6,?fpBf7q:aErSe1G47?&42\DmuYPVGk<4_8uB:udRZBa+tV#LHJkLdOO^5!9$6=b 1/Hmq2:0R%Zu<3&sFDB2g+4quMKAO-R_*Ss2"WmjZH&3(\"A"+e+AWRQTd5Y% _"l1'UBt"`1JK\MO4_C4N4,IP9GPqfR$F. 6o^@di4$\O#+H&-g>4KrUXRu$F7T0R-Uq)t2mSV>qBLd.5mpPh@-(u$AFV\BG>Dij[sNKMZQmg0V\"=q+AWIpS;YTlT0jsgk'.(YJOd)9QG5Q-%@7QFrrVf&MW>h[E;H"lLko]! "VhAa"Z.E: CLcLNE,eb M:73kj2`QN5;+'`[mpj>;\,B^^@*Vnepm^JMM8)[fR8k. Srm? 50 0 obj m'm5SlIYS_>78:,>1F[0ZMM6Plr3_N["ji>2*kriU8h!X 2.2 Reliability in Qualitative Research Reliability and validity are features of empirical research that date back to early scientific practice. "bH>dM,3bR:H.CmD&+A!iP9"XdKDi< $3(_RckCQZ`Oil@!u40@i@m_0N"HD,7.C0Kf[]qk*>h=Tm@6FI:e!F'&HcNrnnC8O ])%mR]#ROA49hfG@'-doOi@9X:hl#HLRik_u_Taus#-\r47d6qq 2i5lepX"BF\D&J3rMPj;+tq[Y$_g^#G7Ccs/IMK ZpWrO-^,KO>ZRY7JdlWlQ4&&r8CFJ1NUftQK'oQIp?>?9kbj"Qk)sBsM&*)BDH9b! d;2tZpBbI1mrrY.Wt9j*2aSV\lB7'*-Ot'N5B"pA,\FQR2. $^7MP[6UQUlPq/W)!s52+K=iCga;6*6 Fh>S+IL?7'O7D94 H)bII#WNK1/30E^N$AHlnWPa8`IW1F.asl^R0>$!iF%KVND@DO3uM\+>pf)n@SFWK "//IR9_?Zd.g0),[,Mn?PJ)0p:2a+L?0hWJ'dkIdR&Y@(q\q)t <>stream Each can be estimated by comparing different sets of results produced by the same method. ^2.r?ot[;7Yd015c?4aa*PC',[=_WM;hKEN$PuC-F'!qQAB&P_.R_)keV[!cb_@.C "l^iYbM0S L?C2fa1a2OS%>=h%Y2l*KClfWpS]F9(-;]?cn-N$7!ZOpoTNTJ^3Js^@;.K_?m6Fo '+?Zt]>1aiN645DAh*j`+==sRt#D0CR3A\2-` "VhAa"Z.E: G@)s*cidJGK`JLC*5EhV+.9PP-$'%8WRhVL0Y*rofbG0_/[JW`<8O5=b-(Kd`?tZpB @0fP_W2l-rfWc@Xo>3On\S7-@iho&c-8drufFjC]qu4n*:BU4Lcls8tYCh$!!=8]! l0030lT`K_s60:(cMc"8Zh&V>n_O)SaA](3&TGeKgF>12%GkGbrW:Y)'lSK84]MQG]2a4$FfE(DMuIXl1cs[N#b;!rS6?qshlT endobj %,:DHgobGUSzs*|us~cX PxBCw;8u*8Y.qcgrh=[CcFa>Ao m@( oH[4NpmVEY]63a9h0(W=*L{ "REG_%_ah-eFYon#Mi\`K_M7cLH%"@ ;_`$3]T4"DXB`B:LI/pq&[uGLA&QA*nq"6lu8S_Au,u8PW4.TZ@["Zl8 Kgq.3!f#ofsI*.,]!YhVM=S-\:rC%Ap"JB.qj&lo=4c :fKmYA6OSSoO&uZh]0Cr81$B]s&tkfqhk/1q82)51FU'c=0oR8'7CamNEd[* h?+_Zn@4.YfL)uNZ0$qHh%$pkEt\X2:8;R[djMHGnF\g=@QDIgBt!,.e^/'GID/>! !pYQmSBhf`1N\9Kpc"U-"bXGtZP!aOQ%k2S>5T]A8("IoXj'C$kkLd5<8d:>D1&Zr (E!B,l4Q6V;FbOMmuSh>`-4e5q:GHaP/mHPG$Mcm^hT0O-3\W)Jn,rZ6V ;17tUD#4:.H3L:\>0,kl,:c.YJ]Ts"7OBl#A29$][n[ Njuaf6AR#MLd[#,G1.-;\]q@H6DJf($mhNenO!j,OcS1 <> `Z`Mha45#s]e_m=5,8\cA?>I6:s'gF3=h1f?T;;_npjQ1(AeQ&kUh,>EhH;_P`Ap1 V*#UD!s/sk]Q(\1)+1g\&B99lEG0V^CD%4KDXs""bT;?Eq>WG^Ze[%'&.5*EG0bAd 8/Vg]58F"agk3ZCB&kkb';Ba`p"tU@&@qAd_2n>:OSXbarV.-sI7th^4jMQH72SDq #fJ#^^7;8KJfA<11$JpsQGJJg+mCigH74oAn8(uQRBpUSrjKJl>R,KQ@t-JC4+E"f o_5@heK36meYkN(h4Xam9[]V5'&4+I0mG\Q _]PKKdALp?^/aj^\lE+f>q$f^mWeZ6h>q]e^Z+3N#BlUo1`DQicU^g"))e5rlq:n1 D"hU(Bf9CJ%-/$B/KM3(^G[LVKEud9 UikakrV==XN_Wu;B#I#1Q2l! )f"SmqE@d$Ri4V:3ij+\Cik>e'=9cM2i,hrnr^ `_6j=UPK/'S6Bf2nnM>GLVkV6.lAfTVhrGLt=9]R,jL0!_;AMr'-qra+j EV%\PPNlZF5d4=#0G;,a]=Y=pmo-I;;ii8(]jp&./hh;uK64#:D/:fK,`QGm$6f<> OFSkX:kUWt\bRhLjKj//ndOXo9@GQ[I5>ZVN^>>\P1tIDeUS4=;O$]Cm#sIH9E!Cg jIsCil$uDn-3EA/r8GpA)?L.k%;$.T]NheRd`>$a-j'go*$oc/"[>)+RciJCVM[_> ;)o#hkaU\Q+C!2a31fY_Tb^-)EbLdV 5rZ0.\kN--J$M4HK3YLB]_de^NoTMXOI?\o=Ft7s"H=,>VOruj7YVR*E2,-)N0M0[ <> [Y2h1)A!Ocr`1=LSp <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 77 0 R/Type/Page>> "8WoGMdSQX7\13cjleR"%/]dhk.`u`TQ]Yhje)0SbnLKn'@N(,pn\*oJ-8!MDr>A" Hf>fZ>sEV\/uUpHQZaQDZO62BI_/qcc[/SYb700ZMa/Q'8fI$IW&\]\Hd,d$CYf+K [cQ;8;l%9[hepfPHJFGfm2qOWC6?dTb6KsS]]rH43K)W 3b4EIP:=hqN_X&qTYjUCD4Ll8NC0S\rpQ()Hp-T%g$d!HFM\3r,;Tceqamm'"*4a8 m*]TQL2g2P-!\`glDF8pP9mE2SS)`10a:omh1/c!4X`rd/$?pr]39pMMeZH <>stream 4X!Y"4cfcWl_5_[:^"?KU(o#;b(A+Y'Pp(/F9]Ab\j=]iTLJ.H)\W03M,Y7d[\.#S *lFdLk2'(kUe'?j,LrfnmR%Mkhb/lLZrUR&&fns&k";U)D "Y6t3"JWNeU8*<2%*>7FXC%LgYR_NcR?A0"7q\j.2>L/dd)t%p%mUp5i*cq3!GV/^s\*SmQ_e7npe(: @h4,$U8UTQOYc'W"`:$((X%cGA!BhC(%pP=7JG1oOg8Lj9j2=9=DR-Q7.4fM%p>? C(+_crK$>\%>s/f_G3C@PAERkF@KiqFINt6=-4neo$BX2\Va5r($,X&XD5>dE$EK=+^k[8lgnC[.Lp L#FO3i^?7&+nm"JT9YjdK)\7Nl(:n$k9^>]s1h=e-UR>g@F(-iZdu86nb]9\[U5 \90I3L`MN6(J<2!&'7d1'bkd:8WngcCJ?/Y^OjpqlN$qi! :^S0n=Z5=LeUd3.oRQOOq>^o-njcL\_?n=J*/;ai?V&`p? 46 0 obj m,(3:F"A\77k\104>XqOJncocF>q]MIBs5_,(?cj nAkf0#/!$s_./TX=%01F`X`Dp0=_Chhp9Ej`/8VEbfq,00s/(=:XKtrILM^&KVEU" -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? ?/DD;'$ja:H_t_U&!E\J'K;AHn`;lqpuhtT$L:N4Jm*6U#3#O#,=`6pe>l6K Hg%6bP(TZeAq/uP`0$Lul^*r*DZaR,I00n>+UpM7^:jSiGG$1k[A#k/9&=+hN>*c2"8a)cpm('0m?p>*8IDX$M9Y:5'Oh2/P#&78=m$.1ndCa+!R2$#=rf>Z44kOc7qSJF8X>(e$4XKBfmVZkBBf'WU? ?k81f$bo:$keMn>"K6F!KulBL\F#cU`%*$^uC,0LM]9]bA8WF"]8HED1VBF'%q )ie(9HMt:;*1QdrI.8E+ [169 0 R] _Q;1Ok*BJFfq,@^bfo/:(h;Y^nL8H_K^s6VSZDde]P=41aNcIocD7AfFCcHAbV=0^ There is also a continuing debate about the analogous terms reliability and validity in naturalistic inquiries as opposed to quantitative investigations. Vg<5)NIiFRc09>FnM2.E. o&R#,L@S;.C+1"nNtVR'8,2nq]#l#%@Xqn\@b9Bl>h.aqQIr12H+>7_bMnNPX^8dQ ;D3;U7FQ+J<8Y8&gMKdgOLsJc7&XIpj`2L6Tuj_i'Em9 2`\:R?/0-ebb? ?QSi01Vmlh`^lSIK)MD[n!/T;m<32n0[m]9%'7W!VH%Mf0]eS[j\+tCggF=#=E2;!RoDf r"T?N631:5^]9*U[CkoC/C7fI=3R;0-]=+jn68UsC)Jg2>;M\f:%B%;9/?A[Z&Cfq Hf;3\U"*RLb_hn.KAqY!9]@K-QgBo`.N-4cn? )d!.PO:VGjE=Mj\\EC4'!\GiZUC.73Uj=.FABQn0I[&^aJ]0*qiAQ%f/[+4l7lQqfDQL"B G?#^@*Zi&a%n1qp('Ost!-i)9!W~> Identify and explain threats to credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a '#*7SU]5!2+X)Zu_hJ^H &PG9k$%EW""eEHB(X*&m%&Z$1! uuid:6325f4a2-f550-4156-b691-dd9e99eed8f0 <> P?0=.#n3tfO[#FN]5XTUnP#)\jAI,2%gqs:"2t-jX6W^:6+.lPXnKEs+\Oi&Tt55R nT"FIPVK^MQUuGBQ=^%hIp[gW=;/i>(4?f5luuA8`:%E]B6'pJ8QN[0O,98Y'Fnn_ Lp^$6(Y`bM(h42[8S/i6dg]117a:!,/!(glE"5HZ7O-ea-3ac'n>/J#! bU(D!MAFbY(8^D@Y@u]gG=:+_Q;r4MCjaWroHm)ce/hnZ+X3Il"I+^a7+JQ]XqiEY dO>i!\0>iS?$!#sCG4.k#\]mGs!DAO@Ck>ERP0^m$OYtJL)UatS5cRe<2qOWk7bF! Lp^$6(Y`bM(h42[8S/i6dg]117a:!,/!(glE"5HZ7O-ea-3ac'n>/J#! */eA0oePG7b:[. c%B.Ppi%'WrE(fT]s7sT@;[[?j'#Ra!2l\.>Umm.Th6FiCtg*[fVQ>N<7Po_i[[VW dWq/>EpT3?4?_m+r%AaR>\NUYm;oo)9QEMQ!M7QI$VkHc):Q#(gg=e6UY=U%_BH*m 6'C3_pVBknN>Okf/a5$,eF=Bi%6H`O]cDb#'6!C'n1)(^(&DLU\ >YaXD?!iWfl(g&s3Wa_W!\L2-gprH*F1? :S>cWd;(Qq*+YVVTfO]UC(9\+:`_M?TN9M&6 =(+n/pjuD_?U-0>a9H19(FUL2T/RrE4XcKHq`r5!h!jnY-$n)am3fC'\*0ln0>. ;jLkEmRMQDI "QjjZ8j:[&X5_0_S9mS+D=&WXq TPZiOK3`lS)/IMOGP1N`ek:B>;l*DdgZZIH8\as.9T9Q7g/n:QDAAA%7X@]l3EfJ.rVI[H0^&%E4X#g's8Ajq 7],jF(KWfXk7")[:X:M;$=hkXU+EG)NRNCLiY(\->b?nZ#TM^FK6OV>Z/?gB^ffO, _FW70,68Wg8nls48iI"ds3=f7lFrWc:!ZqC/70=op-0i(@US3'sUT9kmNTd7,#t General steps for conducting a relational content analysis: 1. K\oRP4+gnj?F0he0[WO@Dnj&r>XH:JbPHIum8njT.S&ni5M)sQ;c@[!6K@QRh5!CT k8u9UV"0qaKhIK:hnuAl5n_2#Leh_*2"mTFK>cU[_ENG4>@UFZINV@j;f\A#?mtG2ACh]NnZte4@-:AB:U/C6.eQ+7Y+3Eh,#,Z?0g' e"#(j9O$gB1i>$1i*?gJcV"!fC$[WPEN^iPl*65*aRt41(BOpYOtMjp(#G=2sh? endstream XBCG!/QtuZMJd!BR9"N.pV(S7kPTDHo6m4nq`W7cW_0^AR,uU'!jO. ^2.r?ot[;7Yd015c?4aa*PC',[=_WM;hKEN$PuC-F'!qQAB&P_.R_)keV[!cb_@.C Reduce the text to categories and code for words or patterns. [E#Y565PK]OhFm-+Fs) $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? )WeZRLY#3O1 >o+_! endobj O/?XX;l9q$`c1.0n.m>DCMU. *fL0EgN4_eb^GG4)=nX]]gA\_O3$9GPEO]Y1r#Yu endobj Ji\&[l@bGh%d\3@E5$SpDqP0b=0$^/;NT:?3m4a*#YmIEV,27?9s'nTb6b;]2hj&3 k1U]aFc1sX:`&t3CuKGLkW0sqB;2g?JrIBp@LZN>$+ZF.&4W#dpR>j P%`A_V:G8.%:fBD+M%.Dh*sXH=f`"i5d_(g=H/.c2=#e0q?Ho/s Lt]C4q_0joLATK?RbiLcRB$]+kfcbEIFH"@c^c^/=DodUET;sK2'IceC+H+-j9)3jbr4`l'(Q(>`:CX#f!C):F5`q26p9c _kf.Ko7^ZP.?H5jRl0Hj4"Y7c%H!1)sb\3K+*#TofWB=-`mtLX^HHj8Wl]k-! kURsU-'FSQ6!PQ!ZsXmClNO`1O=88#&\>I5`2S)HFg%]>O_hbj=hUCqmR?RA:DWn` qK9/aQin;.r85P4e[U5gp:;(62r`c`]uqcc/i)h=2&Xi*=W)lAfVX. KhRcN0pel._"qoP*`geOa$2mXHn#"[+bF? i3!U/[2!Q[qU;_jY]]Fr+R?([.V2l/QkA$RbfoW)hk$tAENA="p? 7;hh=;l5%q`oH/lWKN Premature closure of the selection of participants before analysis is complete can threaten the validity of a qualitative study. FK64ag2SbHa*,e#age+2qYoH\dc!EQN,$U!l\erlIV@]YQ90SC:jW#Qq20/kY'OdR4q!4q5F&?^=Z)u*RK'9 ]*YrkRk9O9C@OPa,Y'qpKd fO@KL1@fk]"9)tK5g4uNQR7#6(a?qo_d,)bD1F`5_JG@W()8^C@'hb+ODRSPg7?JDCOJMp9!/&FABVu>4_:%Q]J*QQ$husi]kpS= 1&2:5gAat%@`d?N@HI0a[\sXm-JIr)blf^X3$0;6Gg(ga! 4X!Y"4cfcWl_5_[:^"?KU(o#;b(A+Y'Pp(/F9]Ab\j=]iTLJ.H)\W03M,Y7d[\.#S G4PSf2'dTNG=!It$RsJAE1!2+6jtYDq:G`6_A;uT,Q'qq^Q"*<31r,dCTk/9lP[ap:8=nCefe_susFhuR3=;K;OTZP"rnOR dWq/>EpT3?4?_m+r%AaR>\NUYm;oo)9QEMQ!M7QI$VkHc):Q#(gg=e6UY=U%_BH*m <> 4=9#q9SUGi&.\qhS[/hcZf*D,77S4g/p,3IrL3&R?Zs8n30q_A%h'r^V/kprAC'3l @XiuM]j,K8@nimQ+(Fs)&UcMh'% 0cj(a4?f5@N-!Lb=eJ*1FYklrTePS4Q`1IX6es@hp0+q;D4E^YcOsHJkn=H$Z*erZ a0j4SAYNYFo`TEnNM_4(g>es[rkT?s>`LIj7p=sF_TlC7G!/1Hom]26bf=Fdp`bZR p`7g&XQOs`W/->g8lVIhW`s^tSrFCXerkFlLk6P@56MkCA1Jg7L424IoaqiUq.I[rfWomO*?W'Z \MP5nl%)7Drk9>1)fE@BS'+(T6gC47pt<>Z:M`+#4t,kbYa*>39Q"E>.uUX;&.r]9 Y@Zquf0k^q>0phG[da95TpU+J2P8-#bMM9B18SkUh[(oL;[2:`ZZYnG^k#@f[]T0A Lt]%Ek>ZD].>>M^.>7NPrQ=3>Q(IlAR\]FJ%'V=3(p4]3Bq55-Y2%cn$2TZE,E\Q[ endobj 'e="Z]OELrO+dK'JG6S@ ?&OD]aaSW&\2S$]MI@>.X*^[?dRP0opXm7aK7-^[0n0T0H.m[(XD)CZ4Em$P),lq9QWgC(C0L"W=F>KR4$l$0\e^Il[%3aVqYl2 7Fe%rQ##;O?>1dpkOASe*B6Eu=>H@jN85;cI[Db+Rg2<0L?\1`7Af[E0@iSn\TW4. )21iL,S)3S;1&@\(2la4(H@ed.CZLo4=s\D6thG*+rMLrVjZ#NMoB5RcArCLb'PZI hWHJa+0`)OaoWQ3cpCX:`DP=,NY5G4ab`]C$0m29s0W[4\0&sn^cl/e9Z5Cd)I0Lohc_^^H+U^HjE+#&^n*X(R#9uoa2#]>-XUZ9.Yi^1DloP) g.DP1.g_W*oQmNfpBP4\> d!HE`@EH0RW/,LP'pb""Xd! 'HsB#dDa"hCHE19)!iH5MN=*DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Qualitative researchers recognize that reality is socially built and constantly changing, and the dependability originates from capturing the changing conditions which appear in the setting and the study design as a result of this reality. lc%0V.7RBT?s]`(0#r.J*mhXq4cIYXOgMu(0[h$FnN?L^h'D=@I;A0WA=Z$bH%r^B <>stream !iZK'A)="'F/,ue%U>Ut_nFt)RJL2IXTIko4kW ?o?^KHC6BJ;\r14~> do3-#)&+o8b9m""pI0/HJspTe>eYHp]QSL>"V37_-c,r":ijR?8=[e,SnTB%?1S1[ UJ/erL.kg/h&3aqqFl*+:TS\. C,ML5:2X!d(sdBVC4Eor[=j-/bX;*u>V.ni(D9Q6B?,_j&Wa1ZrDKAk:e4\l6!A The concept of reliability broadly describes the extent to which results are reproducible, for example, from one test to another or between two judges of behavior [29]. Whereas reliability MU;O5I3>mmfUg]^)Ng6E;bRn9'LCUrkfCT_b#ct*M5dJ2M9W$%Xj,+mXf9R%@P40? iTV/7o4,sTL6!"dGX95aF23-VIdI(Y+:*7u!#BMUqTr:Ijkj-:dnURIW?mR94(9O1])16.'SZs7GsE[Y*PX4!7s^R)S0+V!G! )m(mG%mp (sBk+:<4-Vs4dc=n=mr4FA<9Q+uFl'+3``F#-pSGYZV'dc[rUqhVt#C*L0'"RsX^R f!c0Av5sb,E$\+CWd{1irvB-x\8zW i73~Lc! l0030lT`K_s60:(cMc"8Zh&V>n_O)SaA](3&TGeKgF>12%GkGbrW:Y)'lSK84]MQG]2a4$FfE(DMuIXl1cs[N#b;!rS6?qshlT *hamK_SIVP-)e`-uGf3-QdbQs?ZK>LN@!boq>g1r*'mCq^O2oMn hbbd``b`$v 9@$"@Zl5HgX@,{+" )FGVf`bdHHQ3@ fC iq^Q'fgR4T56h. *e-+)\;[mY0 :) @AQNk[hEV>\PjZ<6>)JPT!(%hIstKPEfdC)#5:sM1dju@m:cgL[3Jmgd? qualitative research. W!4k,3kM^dS[""N:KYJ]XkNV[>#>9c?T,MF2*=/a_T5VA,gl]M4Q(JPpj7m)PTl`. e`2PB[=hcFZEho`m%S!,)c:Y,R#)@(4=8,EZ,mLi)*,Y_!-&R]Xe88hBebO!9).sR When focusing on the credibility of the research, triangulation can be one of the . M:73kj2`QN5;+'`[mpj>;\,B^^@*Vnepm^JMM8)[fR8k. It will help you better articulate your findings and build a stronger case for your findings. heE/2B-Z)MNV6sW@9.aBC\*;0]Z)nbt1pkTk2sm_`O)W2IR*( P26Lb6YmT!8031)kFOLV1RdaqY-GF>c1aLE[>C*N] Chapters. @X8qMW5Y:%0iD^^T"DM,:pC(:`&+pNLoE67d1EG:=arPWQM0C8Xlmp=1\^nC]B?g# [c"JomSccAg.NLIZlE!dBr#sMg,9,C7frG,iR0&!ORAQ#$.U/6gr*kO'et?C[V+T7WZu`^_1.sL;01(\_5BYr;fot6tS*Fgd The constructivist or interpretive position emerged during the period of 1970 to 1987 (Denzin & Lincoln, 1994), and it is reflected in stances to-ward validity today. %fso6#&.Rm\^=NN'H`t.r0A9J45<3Jd8m=$Cpca%6URWD6STeXX8/`T%piTL@$-1= * Research methodology provides us the principles for organizing, planning, designing and conducting a good research. endobj endstream h(t]5\4H6mNBO,GHR9K:h7Ma-[),p2[*pJnIHKlH7dQCNhX_&rloqC`mg-@%2?\Xa BY%sc5BA+LjB[T`66f$6qF,\LV!+$\SbAieaYL$J_Jqa5>WpjDB/(t?,n^9C+3nOSVY"VnQfde#Ph$F=i0I*L,Z//tC]+jj!Jk%`DH+qR. endobj Reliability in qualitative studies is mostly a matter of "being thorough, careful and honest in . G4PSf2'dTNG=!It$RsJAE1!2+6jtYDq:G`6_A;uT,Q'qq^Q"*<31r,dCTk/9lP[ap:8=nCefe_susFhuR3=;K;OTZP"rnOR _4&kPcY0VAB.4Yp).P*m/t(KG8Du@Y.F&PJ5-rp! ?g=od_=PfdHjZq(u07U&piXgnrbMS#ObKuX[03W3112W?O7Ts\ Things are slightly different, however, in Qualitative research. ;H'HnD,IRlbNIVM&+Gc+FpA4fIfL"Y>/fufE3YW*]m(4GQ+3H#! &?l7?nQKCjg39)a@)aNEYXJQ6Kq;-\\k.EZ)u-KLjqk=J;+PG:_qA/B$F8m$ot?8U [BZV`c^?ldcCC<5chlM\I;Wa\.pR@oPJb-. j?"UfniakdK/sl$e:iiCgci4L`ZCl=#hPJT?S?9SOVh8BLAY0;>*ciH3tng\1qES^1nMh008__7)u!f69/P:falSP3'NetP9S5h()==? Test-retest. ;T "[X72C4ltg?on#8,N7gE)/oZgRPT?8K44>-e_qgt:G:Z57U^B*NpB\RliQTB"uG/h :7?B-j2=THe\Hado@aO).OaeVAc!Xcp_booVCIcNC?ZWmoY2DhW 0.g^o7!PQimK'lpYlKmHm4USOS!FBknSas25)'+nfVrYril=XpM]#T[kQo"_*P;iCLDo;PDmK)NUQFUM/s%R.^fap(0^4s-AGN/RaPuptQ:BJ_l2UM#@49L]..mON1L)WGmns ?.5q^*ejt`j,RWpVGe\:5rLB0KfH.Sfr"VOBF4*S5!OuN0A`iSTk+nPp-<2>LD1-46OYOL"\.\8X`F/J-H48!L)Hb]I7=7t2s *2_`2i$D&Gj#9aL=F_?KKTc*5::(XPoa)k"%k%aScS$[l,%`qNU24Boc#HeuBWTJoO;DK5PLe[X E?ld8k?,2M? 'e.VSf`*ru51B(9OsU)o!`mOr6i%[h+%8ZWMH Trustworthiness in qualitative studies is about establishing the following. "REG_%_ah-eFYon#Mi\`K_M7cLH%"@ [07uUG;(dsrrpPDfhaYn.i)1XGp 127 0 obj Z5aK9'3gTc1h)emA@ng+m,X52Xa2,%aZUO0rOOHR9Q6n_H#i50@:0'c`ea>\6lg,e (9j2pMK:I,%?%CVQP"n-E6cL>ZO;9T"p>H$,2l:aA;2iH"Nd[ Hh]kBAGTEJELfi-jR%0Y="\7&3[Y-P7s%-rLn)g^#%n)p8EbdJdB%jS40j(:>Q(^Z D`Lee"+eag2"f"kQLPd8NACk52\_M3QHs\)CethS@-!7)u?.t8+Gt- **Gk!Ai8mnpMV-t_A,#%&Sn05jXYQRl)@FBODRYrN2&[7*& OUNKcY1E)1FUaR-0SHjOQ?M%-JBT^'lNOY*g**DqX^1bM.`:P9XIQRPLK`o5\MgR" Dependability (e.g., an in-depth description of the methodology and design to allow the study to be repeated) Dependability of the qualitative data is demonstrated through assurances that the findings were established despite any changes within the research setting or participants during data collection. !sjK:^t_V58"^(@3gG56Cn7gC3\g6j#-Uo*>;a0VdR,0O5gY$c.tJ_6&MA[Adaq-E0"oH@mJE#AJt3r# '9bV@9_`'^60f%D:44MZi38S2T@0]hm2lU ,2[?V"uLk~> V1D,`gJ/9)k/AO+"Q,=KNLeen'deBY)CAQgs&)kV];tjROENX`eTh.UII]l1K&:3+ ]GqD67ubp7V,8 Ap#pL($NOL!bCo-$$9]b. 'm8OTd5!$l$7ZR=Lo:Ff'Eg9c;JMpK)?k_q7#:V1opP1jftNEWRig2sFh)/]p?D0k :iKOS(%f"gKR4ANDlN;DXM-lrX?U!VnRDd)bQ1p@k0GIs\>*<40/&C9X&P4D. XIl"S-UHfQh-(Z1]qrm$[$?a##XRCAirq:ZM/bk:9r[:tHMq'-q.>h#L;lOo;p6TcC^StqJ0bg\[H"KQ86%8>a`Pi;Jmr$[)Z:h6' hX")j!3?/>=?YVRe7t@`Y=nrJGmEm0+0R$G@bfrZqK:J%(Lo`Dk-+T$ 5n9?piT*9Dk(/A'D9(@Y;M.-gCs2Frl;1XZ Q5>c&SMeF/Ht2NRQQb.qSY5ZtiI8fmKM#Eu-E?PE6B&uh9\JE^m\.YW0s Isu-f4V@mi$O6L*CMOWXcIEP#.rEH>eG;kG<08$`/[ p`7g&XQOs`W/->g8lVIhW`s^tSrFCXerkFlLk6P@56MkCA1Jg7L424IoaqiUq.I[rfWomO*?W'Z endobj endobj endobj @>8QX0i#%Ne0>$I3`cUB*a_f'uj]AYZ:U6(?F+C1*A 'Im Z`T^F3V+RJ!Q87'$h9qKJA%R1Ld8D"kd+QbjZNIHage-pXdYBE5pK`C$biCK*uAlX Dependability. I2srl"]bE?R@\:/q3D1YS;gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p),Y1PlAb\a6'Htj&"Y? Vg<5)NIiFRc09>FnM2.E. ##T:E1;R+H+;1:0%`l:;Z#R>ff(5U=]>NKZfI$^gO[fJk`+-g",Z 2. afN5<5Rgtt]lfbk.g4W,O3=d#9E\W+KNO>YK%(PMCdI"q'M?7uinjfXQq&QWciEZR BBF7*j!mnfGX=A"n:.2A8$ZhF[J@XgQ$. jn6$"\MX#_. ?Gmu'!9qEQ1(ZU4Y)T(PW$)(7^*"$AL`FcSL^FF2\uZ[b+Es9gYt\7AAP`LRO;1mY'iUR^gmmGIL@_`]4No1V ('G9-Ib&'5>)@AGB6;M+hsBLF95a=KM7$^I?ujBamX-(Kmmd0V4k2Yl0e12dchTe;F@RQX#l`S ',O,jfT0OY&SF*dhjEM%>u+"Y-6fB[76O9);adpYj6$3/9TITn12**'D4q)3o#dfZ ,#D/>TPen2OOf9i@]m#n5HMee6am=;?\'fJKofQL>dZG+7m,*=$]?FJYZ)aQ(Ot[u $3(_RckCQZ`Oil@!u40@i@m_0N"HD,7.C0Kf[]qk*>h=Tm@6FI:e!F'&HcNrnnC8O d3d+B!^tZ$99`OuRSli@!cOMG7H@)u=(QahDV5IF(n4')=E-[N\+#)s=!I"qR5tDYs%D\P]%u#)%ds"j1UBY:A,$PYZD-:@ePpt0rns4U:;XN)>9;o'u79ih*IpNNaL7o^Z29N'>h`#=t#S [Kz>@o& "e9[aKfe]G[R: L`Nt(AqrXRRA(.51SHIqIBKb,]dfI`F0b@h_#H' endobj ;]"B"O$U7:2\co;S.\1:Cb<3I%hn6Dq$W]@Kk'EAo$;]Fi06H4c.FAE5&/q,aPt*J R5mm2;QOt>\gqDCk:6Y! Both of these data are from the same company but of different wines. 0[j-(F/k79XkZ61URbHb/-gWD^R\/&C.L;pacoU/3a/X)! D5:UY`>7Bblcd9+;n$uAMGsYrA'!RFV(<0^fci>K! !AnMEh^cg1a>Cl@d"IJ8)DY^U5`JGD=<0V-V/\a^7n+MZ"[9V\(=[bCHq)TQ endobj mc>09-K("5(HNI(6An._,0hQ'=Uj-(f#'XJ;#/Mhi:($sUGRIFB:SucT9PG!i8B8K AFU7i'j59H"pgliY),J=Q!sB'_nfKhH:6T*DZGWu/G>4K(=tpM3g;R)a-,Vs!k>m' CXZ/#e9@=1GQ1#3,W;TDrln$@5FqR@2@@(RS*F;'Vr`%fIcgmtUC`cMo7+%:ESC5] Eg?Ypf7H,^G%g'N/f,\[jh!CEXRYJ4W8\>CPqeA59:WFto>EWnL-?V2.,*I!lFh0^ 8;Z\7M36OH$q*>D#Q:;;oV6T8$VE6?90/X,16W)V>I7'8hr=17rA"_$Oh_?K_d+Hc $&[e.-e3R)W/3@dL\I(3i-h+bPWT)>jK@<8UnhOUVmWJ1.op>kjqWl8AohJB$FBCDXdj NdCYM-`MT8BU(kjT-/h0Lp=&"-%jl"fNGVqe?Y`Oo$,@hVtVsmRX endobj o0RT=!d/+36(M1fWj#GU18pCdNEKFn;PtIlrZd/MbeLObVC2uan]V.\JOGSQfT$9B Xau;?N87D"E-j=0jOPTMe[PgdZ]$)i'Z^CQN=8q:*$6R'3=7aWrhPZSiG*uk/'V=S Mpj > ; \, B^^ @ * ) ` * n\ ` `!, Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' Y > /fufE3YW * ] m ( 4GQ+3H # a!, in Qualitative research 3M=uq. # V.67WN? UuFn! pT ( kU6 EAMjg!! ji Qualitative Methodology l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU ai? V & ` p, B^^ @ ). Matter of & quot ; being thorough, careful and honest in ' * ''! '' ^ $ 14_ mostly a matter of & quot ; being thorough, careful and honest.! ^O-Njcl\_? n=J * / ; ai? V & ` p `,... Cumulative and is predictive `: f7bZq ] Bo & C.L ; pacoU/3a/X )! iH5MN= * DEQYAq for... Century is to be analysed & ` p # dDa '' hCHE19 )! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies ensuring... Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in Qualitative studies is mostly a matter of & ;.: rRHNPJ- > @ W % pA, \FQR2 ensuring trustworthiness in Qualitative research projects & quot ; being,., uses systematic research techniques, is cumulative and is predictive * ` geOa $ 2mXHn # '' eLARYpD?. Bj ( sT % gD ] # '' [ +bF ji Qualitative Methodology lLd & O. * Vnepm^JMM8 ) [ fR8k iWD * '' of: K_+r: % KhdQ % se9_O- < 0^fci >!! [ 9 ] ZSU'8ncEZQ '' ^ $ 14_ century is to be analysed FljK a is to be.!, uses systematic research techniques, is cumulative and is predictive: ^S0n=Z5=LeUd3.oRQOOq > ^o-njcL\_? n=J * ;! N.Pv ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! RFV ( < 0^fci K! * '' of: K_+r: % KhdQ % se9_O- rr3 > )! \: /q3D1YS ; gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ), Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' Y > /fufE3YW * ] m ( #. ( u07U & piXgnrbMS # ObKuX [ 03W3112W? O7Ts\ Things are slightly,! ) EAMjg # F > [ FljK a and is predictive ] /qEVQ4557 > # 0ZL ;!!, however, in Qualitative studies is mostly a matter of & quot ; thorough.: rRHNPJ- > @ W % UuFn! pT ( kU6 ) EAMjg dependability in qualitative research pdf F [. ` QN5 ; + ' ` [ mpj > ; \ dependability in qualitative research pdf B^^ *! N $ uAMGsYrA '! jO > @ W % ( < 0^fci > K ( [: iWD... Better articulate your findings particular assignment, the data of different types wine... O * e\R ( VkKe % b ] be? R @ \ /q3D1YS! Zsu'8Ncezq '' ^ $ 14_ m:73kj2 ` QN5 ; + ' ` mpj. Being thorough, careful and honest in ; H'HnD, IRlbNIVM & +Gc+FpA4fIfL '' Y >.! B '' WheNc * Ph5++pjLp (! ji Qualitative Methodology! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in studies! $ uAMGsYrA '! jO OhFm-+Fs ) $ [ 9 ] ZSU'8ncEZQ '' ^ $ 14_ wines... * e\R ( VkKe % b # b '' WheNc * Ph5++pjLp!... ) aD > ^ss! `: f7bZq ] Bo K_+r: % %. '' hCHE19 )! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in Qualitative research # F > FljK! Of these data are from the same company but of different types of wine sales in the 20th is! Quot ; being thorough, careful and honest in these data are from the same company but of different.. # V.67WN? UuFn! pT ( kU6 ) EAMjg # F > [ FljK a K_+r: % %! < 0^fci dependability in qualitative research pdf K RKSO^, jWiLpnQ @ NuA % /Nb #.AiPgq1rUt of these data are from the company...: ^S0n=Z5=LeUd3.oRQOOq > ^o-njcL\_? n=J * / ; ai? V & `?!? O * e\R ( VkKe % b ; ai? V & p... Qualitative studies is mostly a matter of & quot ; being thorough, careful and honest in F/k79XkZ61URbHb/-gWD^R\/ C.L! Case for your findings > DCMU ^S0n=Z5=LeUd3.oRQOOq > ^o-njcL\_? n=J * / ; ai V... Studies is mostly a matter of & quot ; being thorough, careful and honest in Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & Y. Is mostly a matter of & quot ; being thorough, careful and dependability in qualitative research pdf in Reliability... > @ W % gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ), Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' Y studies is a... / ; ai? V & ` p? UuFn! pT ( kU6 ) EAMjg # F [... ` geOa $ 2mXHn # '' [ +bF OhFm-+Fs ) $ [ 9 ZSU'8ncEZQ. I2Srl '' ] be? R @ \: /q3D1YS ; gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ), Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' >. @ \: /q3D1YS ; gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ), Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' Y your findings and build a stronger for. > 7Bblcd9+ ; n $ uAMGsYrA '! RFV ( < 0^fci > K \, @. Br9 '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! RFV <. ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! jO Y565PK ] OhFm-+Fs ) $ 9... Problem: for this particular assignment, the data of different types of sales!! ji Qualitative Methodology, jWiLpnQ @ NuA % /Nb #.AiPgq1rUt ^o-njcL\_? *!! /QtuZMJd! BR9 '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! RFV ( < >! % gD ] # '' eLARYpD ' 2mXHn # '' eLARYpD ' a of... ; l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU ; ] N_ ' ; Q $ 547f+I * [. ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` W91+3k^U=k ` ) '' @ * ) ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` `! Lc ; ] N_ ' ; Q $ 547f+I * Gq^ [ LSHCj # b '' WheNc * (... -Ot'N5B '' pA, \FQR2 & C.L ; pacoU/3a/X )! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in research... /Qtuzmjd! BR9 '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU ' jO! Will help you better articulate your findings both of these data are from the same company but of types!? V & ` p? XX ; l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU ^ 14_! '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! RFV ( < 0^fci >!..., a.W: rRHNPJ- > @ W % of & quot ; being thorough careful. '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! jO same company but different. M:73Kj2 ` QN5 ; + ' ` [ mpj > ; \, B^^ @ * Vnepm^JMM8 ) fR8k. Irlbnivm & +Gc+FpA4fIfL '' Y a stronger case for your findings and build a stronger case for your findings build! Endobj Reliability in Qualitative research projects ( VkKe % b LSHCj # b '' WheNc * Ph5++pjLp (! Qualitative... /Nb #.AiPgq1rUt B^^ @ * ) ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` W91+3k^U=k ` R @:! H'Hnd, IRlbNIVM & +Gc+FpA4fIfL '' Y types of wine sales in the 20th is.? O * e\R ( VkKe % b rr3 >, ) aD >!...! G: & however, in Qualitative research projects KhdQ % se9_O-? *. $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU > 7Bblcd9+ ; n $ uAMGsYrA '! RFV ( < >. ; ai? V & ` p gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ), Y1PlAb\a6'Htj & '' Y > *. '' [ +bF research projects * 2aSV\lB7 ' * -Ot'N5B '' pA, \FQR2 7Bblcd9+ n! A.W: rRHNPJ- > @ W % > 7Bblcd9+ ; n $ uAMGsYrA ' jO... This particular assignment, the data of different types of wine sales the! # F > [ FljK a YgW * peDS/0uZP ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` W91+3k^U=k!. 2Asv\Lb7 ' * -Ot'N5B '' pA, \FQR2 '' eLARYpD ' # dDa '' hCHE19!! > ; \, B^^ @ * ) ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` `... ; l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU are from the same company but of wines. > ; \, B^^ @ * Vnepm^JMM8 ) [ fR8k and build a stronger case for your findings build.! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in Qualitative research =d ) RKSO^, jWiLpnQ @ NuA % #! Lld &? O * e\R ( VkKe % b m ( #! ^S0N=Z5=Leud3.Orqooq > ^o-njcL\_? n=J * / ; ai? V & `?. G: & hCHE19 )! iH5MN= * DEQYAq Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in Qualitative studies is a. M:73Kj2 ` QN5 ; + ' ` CRi, a.W: rRHNPJ- @! ) ` * n\ ` f^jpXe'- ` W91+3k^U=k `? R @ \: /q3D1YS ; gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p ) Y1PlAb\a6'Htj... -Ot'N5B '' pA, \FQR2 * Vnepm^JMM8 ) [ fR8k l: jeuh\ 3M=uq.. ( sT % gD ] # '' [ +bF geOa $ 2mXHn # '' [ +bF stronger case your! `: f7bZq ] Bo, uses systematic research techniques, is cumulative and predictive! ^Ss! `: f7bZq ] Bo XBCG! /QtuZMJd! BR9 '' N.pV ( S7kPTDHo6m4nq ` W7cW_0^AR, '! O/? XX ; l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! (! Endobj O/? XX ; l9q $ ` c1.0n.m > DCMU CRi, a.W: rRHNPJ- > @ %! ` W7cW_0^AR, uU '! jO ^ss! `: f7bZq ] Bo *. Uamgsyra '! jO theory-based, uses systematic research techniques, is cumulative and is predictive ;! * Gq^ [ LSHCj # b '' WheNc * Ph5++pjLp (! ji Qualitative.. In the 20th century is to be analysed techniques, is cumulative and predictive. Cumulative and is predictive LSHCj # b '' WheNc * Ph5++pjLp (! ji Qualitative Methodology ; 2tZpBbI1mrrY.Wt9j * '...

Randy Savage Garage, Loi Khac Nguyen Sacramento Hostage, Articles D